ABSTRACT
Tanzania is the one of 54 countries which forms an African continent, Tanzania is located in the Eastern part of Africa. Tanzania provides an accessibility of maritime transport and seaport services to its surrounding landlocked nations of Zambia, Burundi, Malawi, Uganda, Rwanda, the Republic of Congo and Zimbabwe. Tanzania is a maritime state which containing the coastline of 1424 km. Coastline involves major and small seaports, major seaports in Tanzania includes Dar es Salaam, Tanga and Mtwara seaports while small seaports in Tanzania are Kilwa, Lindi, and Mafia seaports. Tanzania seaports have hybrid seaport management model which combined both public service and landlord governance model. This hybrid of a seaport management model faces several challenges. The absence of standalone regulator of seaports, high seaport tariffs, poor seaport service quality, low maritime education and skills of seaport staff, increased bribery level, low seaport efficiency, seaport congestion and too long average container dwell time are identified as challenges facing the existing hybrid seaport management model in Tanzania. Constructive suggestions for the modification of the existing management framework such as executing a total landlord port management model, introduction of maritime authority, encouraging competition among private investors, modernizing the seaport operating system and systematizing staff training sessions are given to wind up, these strategies will enhance efficiency and service quality of seaport in Tanzania.
- Notteboom, T., Rodrigue JP. 2011, “The Corporate Geography of Global Terminal Operations”, Maritime Policy and ManagementGoogle Scholar
- https://www.mof.go.tz/index.php/economic-survey-booksGoogle Scholar
- Public-Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility. 2003, “Port Reform Toolkit: Effective Decision Support for Policymakers,” Washington DC: World Bank.Google Scholar
- Yingigba Chioma Akinyemi. 2015, “Port reform in nigeria: efficiency gains and challenges”, Geojournal, Vol. 81, 681-697.Google ScholarCross Ref
- De Langen, P.W. 2004. “Analysing the performance of seaport clusters,” In:Pinder, D., Slack, B. (Eds.), Shipping and Ports in the 21st Century. Routledge, London, 81–97.Google Scholar
- K. Oganesian. 2015. “The role of a landlord port authority in the introduction of lean production theory in a port environment”, Erasmus University Thesis Repository, 1-36.Google Scholar
- Pascal lany Prud'ome Gamassa and Yan Chen. 2017. “Comparison of port efficiency between Eastern and Western African ports using DEA Window Analysis,” International Conference on Service System and Service Management (ICSSSM), 1-6Google Scholar
- http://ports.go.tz/index.php/en/publications/handbook/283-tanzania-ports-authority-tpa-port-handbook-2019-20Google Scholar
- Pascal lany Prud'ome Gamassa and Yan Chen. 2017. “Port governance in Ivory Coast”, International Conference on Service System and Service Management (ICSSSM), pp. 1-5Google Scholar
- Jean Debrie, Valérie Lavaud Letilleul and Francesco Parola. 2012. “Shaping port governance: the territorial trajectories of reform”, Journal of Transport Geography, 1-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2012.07.007Google ScholarCross Ref
- Meng Xua and Anthony T. H. Chinb. 2012. “Port Governance in China: Devolution and Effects Analysis”, 8th International Conference on Traffic and Transportation Studies Changsha, China, August 1–3, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences (43), 14 – 23Google Scholar
- James J. Wanga, Adolf Koi-Yu Ngb and Daniel Oliviera. 2004. “Port governance in China: a review of policies in an era of internationalizing port management practices,” Transport Policy 11, 237–250 doi:10.1016/j.tranpol.2003.11.003Google ScholarCross Ref
- Athanasios A. Pallis and Theodore Syriopoulos. 2007. “Port governance models: Financial evaluation of Greek port restructuring”, Transport Policy (14), 232–246. doi:10.1016/j.tranpol.2007.03.002Google ScholarCross Ref
- Adolf K.Y. Ng, and Girish C. Gujar. 2009. “Government policies, efficiency and competitiveness: The case of dry ports in India”, Transport Policy (16), 232–239. doi:10.1016/j.tranpol.2009.08.001Google ScholarCross Ref
- Christopher Michael Williams. 2018. “A Study of Public Seaport Governance in The United States,” Old Dominion University, PhD ThesisGoogle Scholar
- Ersel Zafer Oral, Hakki Kisi, A. Gu¨ ldem Cerit, Okan Tuna and Soner Esmer. 2007. “Port Governance in Turkey”, Devolution, Port Governance and Port Performance, Research in Transportation Economics, Volume 17, 171–184. doi:10.1016/S0739-8859(06)17008-0Google ScholarCross Ref
- Kevin Cullinane, Wei Yim Yap and Jasmine S. L. Lam. 2007. “The Port of Singapore and Its Governance Structures”, Devolution, Port Governance and Port Performance, Research in Transportation Economics, Volume 17, 285–310. doi:10.1016/S0739-8859(06)17013-4Google ScholarCross Ref
- Guilherme Bergmann Borges Vieira, Rafael Mozart da Silva, Francisco JoséKliemann Neto, Luiz Afonso dos Santos Senna and Arturo Monfort Mulinas. 2014. “Port governance model by manager's and customer's point of view: a study at port of Valencia, Spain”, International Business Research, vol. 7 (8), 2014, 1-16.Google Scholar
- Brooks, M. R. 2004. “The Governance Structure of Ports”. Review of Network Economics, Vol.3, Issue 2, 168-183.Google Scholar
- World Bank. 2000. “Alternative Port Management Structures and Ownership Models”, Model 3Google Scholar
- Baird, J. 2002. “Privatization trends at the world top -100 container ports”, Maritime Policy and Management, Vol. 29, No. 3Google Scholar
- World Bank. 2003. “Effective decision support for Policymakers”, World Bank Port Reform Toolkit, World Bank PublicationGoogle Scholar
- Brooks, M. R., & Cullinane, K. 2007. “Governance Models Defined In Brooks, M.R., & Cullinane, K. (Eds.), Devolution, Port Governance and Port Performance “,405-435, Amsterdam: Elsivier Ltd.Google Scholar
- Brooks, M. R., & Pallis, A. A. 2008. “ Assessing port governance models: process and performance”Google Scholar
- http://centralcorridor-ttfa.org/download/central-corridor-transport-observatory-annual-report-2019-english-version/Google Scholar
Recommendations
E-governance and governance: a case study of the assessment of the effects of integrated financial management system on good governance in two municipal councils in Kenya
ICEGOV '07: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Theory and practice of electronic governanceThe potential for ICT to positively contribute to good governance has been known for a long time and has been the subject of many articles and reports, but very little concrete empirical evidence of the effects of ICT on governance, and how these ...
e-governance challenges for Nepal
ICEGOV '11: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic GovernanceThis paper attempts to bring together key issues in relation to Nepal E-government project juxtaposing recent developments and thinking on key e-Governance initiatives. The study is based on Nepal E-government project design implementation and aims to ...
e-governance strategies in Cape Verde and South Africa: from service delivery to e-participation
ICEGOV '07: Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Theory and practice of electronic governanceAn assessment of current state of e-Governance in Africa notes that while many initiatives and projects are being implemented throughout Africa, the application of ICT for better governance is not systematic and the impacts are uneven. Thus two cases in ...
Comments