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Understanding the Relationship Between Students' Learning Outcome and Behavioral Patterns using Touch Trajectories

Published: 01 June 2022 Publication History

Abstract

In this paper, we extend existing research on using geometric features extracted from trajectory data to understand student behavioral patterns and learning outcome. We analyzed 910,661 trajectories data from 390 students who played the KitKit School, a mathematics educational game. As a result of factor analysis, three behavioral patterns are computed: conflict, wavering, and locomotion. A conflict pattern is the degree of curvature of trajectory and implies the degree of decision conflict. A wavering pattern is the number of times when the directions of a trajectory change and refers to the level of confusion a user may feel between choices. Locomotion pattern is the trajectory length of a user's movement while making a choice. The correlation analysis results show that conflict (r=-0.145, p=0.004) and wavering (r=-0.100, p=0.049) negatively correlated with the learning outcome. There is no significant correlation between locomotion and learning outcome (r=0.076, p=0.133). The contributions of this paper are (1) Identification of three types of student behavioral patterns using geometric features of trajectories: conflict, wavering, and locomotion (2) Findings on a negative relationship between learning outcome and the two types of behavioral patterns, conflict and wavering.

References

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Enuma, Inc. Available at https://kitkitschool.com/
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  • (2023)Using Geometric Features of Drag-and-Drop Trajectories to Understand Students’ LearningProceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3544548.3581143(1-14)Online publication date: 19-Apr-2023

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  1. Understanding the Relationship Between Students' Learning Outcome and Behavioral Patterns using Touch Trajectories

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    cover image ACM Other conferences
    L@S '22: Proceedings of the Ninth ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale
    June 2022
    491 pages
    ISBN:9781450391580
    DOI:10.1145/3491140
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 01 June 2022

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    Author Tags

    1. behavioral patterns
    2. educational game
    3. learning outcome
    4. trajectory data

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    • national research foundation of korea

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    L@S '22
    L@S '22: Ninth (2022) ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale
    June 1 - 3, 2022
    NY, New York City, USA

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    Overall Acceptance Rate 117 of 440 submissions, 27%

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    • (2023)Using Geometric Features of Drag-and-Drop Trajectories to Understand Students’ LearningProceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3544548.3581143(1-14)Online publication date: 19-Apr-2023

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