Maryam Jadoon
ABSTRACT
With 92,000 deaths and 18 percent of the total child mortality every year, pneumonia is the leading cause of child mortality in children under 5 in Pakistan. Pakistan is one of the top 5 countries for childhood pneumonia deaths around the world. Bacteria and viruses are most common infectious agents of pneumonia. The diagnostic test for pneumonia detection is chest x-ray. Basic diagnostic tests facilities are available even at rural health centers. In proposed study, a pre-trained convolutional neural network; VGG19 model is fine-tuned on dataset of 5863 chest x-ray images of healthy, viral, and bacterial pneumonia. The VGG19, model 1 is trained on viral and bacterial pneumonia images, and model 2 is trained on multi-class data. The model 1 with viral and bacterial pneumonia images showed training accuracy of 0.83 and validation accuracy of 0.84. The model 2 with normal, viral, and bacterial pneumonia, showed training accuracy of 0.84 and validation accuracy of 0.85. The results show that the VGG19 model has powerful prediction capacity to identify correct features of types of pneumonia with reasonable accuracy even with smaller and unbalanced dataset. The results predict that already developed and trained algorithms can be used as ready to use clinical diagnostic tool, if fine-tuned with larger balanced dataset with few targeted changes. These tools can be used as second reader tool by the physicians, can process thousands of images in limited time with high accuracy, relieving the burden of patients on limited capacity of the healthcare facilities.
- Cillóniz, Catia, et al. "Promoting the use of social networks in pneumonia." Pneumonia 12 (dec, 2020): 1--7.Google Scholar
- IHME Global Burden of disease 2019 report.Google Scholar
- Izadnegahdar, Rasa, et al. "Childhood pneumonia in developing countries." The Lancet Respiratory Medicine 1.7 (sept, 2013): 574--584.Google ScholarCross Ref
- WHO "Global health statistics" (2015)Google Scholar
- Watkins, Kevin, and Devi Sridhar. "Pneumonia: a global cause without champions." (2018).Google Scholar
- Metlay, J. P., Waterer, G. W., Long, A. C., Anzueto, A., Brozek, J., Crothers, K., ... & Whitney, C. G. (2019). Diagnosis and treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. An official clinical practice guideline of the American Thoracic Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 200(7), e45--e67.Google Scholar
- Stuckey-Schrock, K., Hayes, B. L., & George, C. M. (2012). Community-acquired pneumonia in children. American family physician, 86(7), 661--667.Google Scholar
- Fadl, N., Ashour, A., & Muhammad, Y. Y. (2020). Pneumonia among under-five children in Alexandria, Egypt: a case-control study. Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association, 95(1), 1--7.Google Scholar
- Jain, V., & Bhardwaj, A. (2018). Pneumonia pathology.Google Scholar
- Bradley, J. S., et al (2011). The management of community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children older than 3 months of age: clinical practice guidelines by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clinical infectious diseases, 53(7), e25--e76.Google Scholar
- Pakistan demographic and health survey 2017--2018 Report.Google Scholar
- [Hassan, A., Mahmood, K., & Bukhsh, H. A. (2017). Healthcare system of Pakistan. IJARP, 1(4), 170--3.Google Scholar
- [1Punjab Government https://health.punjab.gov.pk/TertiaryCare.aspx, 14:30, 13/06/2021Google Scholar
- [Hug, L., et al. "Levels and Trends in Child Mortality Report 2018. United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME)." CME childmortality.org database (2020). Retrieved from HYPERLINK "https://childmortality.org/data/Pakistan" https://childmortality.org/data/PakistanGoogle Scholar
- "Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey (PDHS) 2017--18, Key indicator Report" (2018)Google Scholar
- Popovsky, Erica Y., and Todd A. Florin. "Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Childhood." Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences (2020).Google Scholar
- Tuba, Milan, Shyam Akashe, and Amit Joshi. "ICT Systems and Sustainability." Proceedings of ICT4SD 1 (2019).Google Scholar
- Sharma, Harsh, et al. "Feature extraction and classification of chest x-ray images using cnn to detect pneumonia." 2020 10th International Conference on Cloud Computing, Data Science & Engineering (Confluence). IEEE, 2020.Google Scholar
- Shah, Sonal N., et al. "Does this child have pneumonia?: the rational clinical examination systematic review." Jama 318.5 (2017): 462--471.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Jain, Rachna, et al. "Pneumonia detection in chest X-ray images using convolutional neural networks and transfer learning." Measurement 165 (2020): 108046.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Ayan, Enes, and Halil Murat Ünver. "Diagnosis of pneumonia from chest x-ray images using deep learning." 2019 Scientific Meeting on Electrical-Electronics & Biomedical Engineering and Computer Science (EBBT). Ieee, 2019.Google Scholar
- https://www.kaggle.com/paultimothymooney/chest-xray-pneumonia. Time: 11:49am, Date:08/05/2021Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Differentiation of bacterial and viral pneumonia in children under five using deep learning
Recommendations
Classification of Bacterial and Viral Childhood Pneumonia Using Deep Learning in Chest Radiography
ICMIP '18: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Multimedia and Image ProcessingOver decades, computer aided diagnosis (CAD) system has been investigated for detection of lung diseases based on chest X-ray images. Incited by the great success of deep learning, in this work, we propose a novel CAD system to identify bacterial and ...
Intelligent prognostic system for pediatric pneumonia based on sustainable IoHT
AbstractDespite the growing impacts of environmental changes due to smart city development, sustainable Internet of Health Things (IoHT) retains improved public health. Containment of contagious diseases is one of the prime factors as the population ...
Pediatric pneumonia diagnosis using stacked ensemble learning on multi-model deep CNN architectures
Abstract
Pediatric pneumonia has drawn immense awareness due to the high mortality rates over recent years. The acute respiratory infection caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi infects the lung region and hinders oxygen transport, making breathing ...
Comments