Juan-Manuel Lopez-Garde
ABSTRACT
E-textiles combination of smart fabrics and wearable electronics opens huge opportunities for the development of textile IoT devices for many application fields. Wireless energy transmission and harvesting techniques allow the absence of external connectors, which is key for washability and comfort performances. Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting (RFEH) technique based on a textile rectenna is a challenging way to power electronic textile devices collecting ambient RF energy as it offers very low efficiency ratios. The optimization of the impedance matching between the rectifier and the antenna is a key step to improve such efficiency. This paper presents an impedance modelling method of textile rectifiers that helps to simplify the design in the iterative process of impedance matching of a textile rectenna. Both simulation and measurement have been performed to model the influence of (i) the welding points on fabrics, and (ii) the diode packages. A voltage doubling rectifier has been simulated and measured using Rogers RO4003C, a reference non-textile material, and PCTPF over felt as textile conductive and dielectric substrate materials. The model improves the |S11| estimation by 0.223, which can lead to a power conversion efficiency improvement of up to 24%. The good agreement obtained between simulation and measurements for both type of materials enables a faster and more reliable development of more efficient rectennas optimized not only for the load resistor of the circuit to which it is connected, but also for the expected power level and frequency of the predominant signal in the environment where it works. The model has been validated for the 2.35 – 2.55 GHz frequency range, the -6 to +3 dBm input power range and the 470 to 3200 Ω load resistor range.
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Index Terms
- Improving efficiency of RF energy harvesting in wearable IoT applications: Impedance model of rectifier welding points and diode's package
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