ABSTRACT
Atmospheric temperature is one of the dominating atmospheric parameters that impact on the propagation of radio waves through the troposphere. Adequate knowledge of the atmospheric temperature of an environment is therefore essential for radio wave propagation planning. In this study, thirty-four (34)-year (1981-2014) atmospheric temperature data of 10 selected weather stations across the climatic zones of Nigeria, obtained from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) through the data bank of the West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adaptive Land Use (WASCAL) of the Federal University of Technology Minna, Nigeria was used in Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for the prediction of mean monthly atmospheric temperature. The ANN architecture comprised of 2 inputs (the climatic zones and the corresponding month for the mean monthly atmospheric temperature), 1 hidden layer and 1 output (atmospheric temperature). Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was used with 9 different pairs of activation functions formed from 3 activation functions (logsig, purelin and tansig). The number of neurons in the hidden layer was varied from 33-39 with an increasing steps of 2 (33, 35, 37 and 39). The network architecture of 2-37-1 (2 inputs, 37 neurons in the hidden layer and 1 output), with tansig/tansig pair of activation functions had the least mean square error value of 2.2280, and was used for the prediction process. The computed correlation values for measured and predicted atmospheric temperature ranged from 0.9733 to 0.8787, depicting strong positive correlation and good accuracy of the developed model. Comparisons of the measured and the ANN predicted atmospheric temperature across selected stations in the climatic zones of Nigeria, showed that the developed model can effectively predict mean monthly atmospheric temperature, using month and climatic zone as input parameters.
- Reddy B. M. 1987. Physics of the Troposphere. In Handbook on Radio Propagation for Tropical and Subtropical Countries, URSI Committee on Developing Countries, UNESCO subvention, New Delhi, 59-77.Google Scholar
- Eichie J. O., Oyedum O. D., Ajewole M. O., and Aibinu A. M. 2017. Artificial Neural Network model for the determination of GSM Rxlevel from atmospheric parameters, Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, Vol. 20(2), 795–804.Google Scholar
- Adewumi A. S., Alade M. O., and Adewumi H. K. 2015. Influence of Air Temperature, Relative Humidity and Atmospheric Moisture on UHF Radio Propagation in South Western Nigeria. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 4(8), 588-592.Google Scholar
- Deligiorgi D., Philippopoulos K., and Kouroupetroglou G. 2013. Artificial Neural Network based Methodologies for the Spatial and Temporal Estimation of Air Temperature. International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods, 669-578.Google Scholar
- Rotheram S. 1991. Clear-air Aspects of the Troposphere and their Effects on Propagation Mechanisms from VHF to Millimetre Waves. In Radio Wave Propagation. London, United Kingdom: Peter Peregrinus Limited, 150-172.Google Scholar
- Smith E. K. and Weintraub S. 1953. The Constants in the Equation for Atmospheric Refractive Index at Radio Frequencies. Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers (I.R.E.).Google Scholar
- ITU-R. 2012. The Refractive index: It's Formula and Refractivity Data. Recommendation ITU-R, 453-459.Google Scholar
- Adediji A. T. and Ajewole M. O. (2008). Vertical Profile of Radio Refractivity Gradient in Akure South-West Nigeria. Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, 4, 157–168.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Hall M. P. 1979. Effects of the Troposphere on Radio Communications. Peter Peregrinus, United Kingdom.Google Scholar
- Oyedum O. D., Ezenwora J. A., Igwe K. C., Eichie J. O., and Moses A. S. 2011. Diurnal and Annual Cycles of Surface Refractivity and Related Parameters in Minna, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Space Research (NJSR), 10, 141-146.Google Scholar
- ITU–R. 1999. The Refractive index: It's Formula and Refractivity Data. Recommendation ITU-R, 453-457.Google Scholar
- Valma E., Tamosiunaite M., Tamosiunas S., Tamosiuniene M., and Zilinskas, M. 2011. Variation of Radio Refractivity with Height above Ground. Electronics and Electrical Engineering, 5(111), 23–26.Google Scholar
- ITU-R. 2012. The Refractive index: It's Formula and Refractivity Data. Recommendation ITU-R, 453-459.Google Scholar
- Bean B. R. and Cohoon B. A. 1961. Correlation of Monthly Median Transmission Loss and Refractive Index Profile Characteristics, Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, 65D (1), 67-74.Google Scholar
- Owolabi I. E. and Williams Y. A. 1970. Surface Radio Refractivity Patterns in Nigeria and the Southern Cameroon. Journal of West African Science Association, 15, 3-17.Google Scholar
- Oyedum O. D. and Gambo G. K. 1994. Surface Radio Refractivity in Northern Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Physics, 6, 36-41.Google Scholar
- Oyedum O. D. (2009). Seasonal Variability of Radio Field Strength and Horizon over Northern and Southern Nigeria. Nigeria Journal of Pure and Applied Physics, 5, 97-103.Google Scholar
- Parsons J. D. (2000). The Mobile Radio Propagation Channel (2nd Ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons Limited.Google Scholar
- Oyinloye J. O. 1987. The Troposphere in Tropical and Subtropical Latitudes. In Handbook on Radio Propagation for Tropical and Subtropical Countries, New Delhi: URSI committee on developing countries, UNESCO subvention, 79-99.Google Scholar
- Balli S. and Tarimer I. 2013. An Application of Artificial Neural Networks for Prediction and Comparison with Statistical Methods. Elektronika ir Elektrotechnika (Electronics and Electrical Engineering), 10(2), 101-105.Google Scholar
- Akolo J. A., Felix A. S., and Okoh D. 2019. Air Temperature Prediction using Artificial Neural Network for Anyigba, North-Central Nigeria, International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887), 177(10), 29-34.Google Scholar
- Mbaa L., Meukamb P., and Kemajoua A. 2016. Application of Artificial Neural Network for Predicting Hourly Indoor Air Temperature and Relative Humidity in Modern Building in Humid Region, Energy and Buildings, 121, 32-42.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Maduako I. D., Yun Z., and Patrick B. 2016. Simulation and Prediction of Land Surface Temperature (LST) Dynamics within Ikom City in Nigeria using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Journal of Remote Sensing & GIS, 5(1). doi:10.4172/2469-4134.1000158.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Shank D. B., Hoogenboom G., and McClendon R. W. 2008. Dew point Temperature Prediction using Artificial Neural Networks. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 47, 1757-1769.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Abhishek K, Singh M.P., Ghosh Singh, and Anand A. 2012. Weather forecasting model using Artificial Neural Network. Procedia Technology, 4, 311 – 318.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Olaniran O. J. and Summer G. N. 2001. A Study of Climatic Variability in Nigeria based on the Onset, Retreat and Length of the Rainy Season. International Journal of Climatology, 9(3), 253-269.Google ScholarCross Ref
Recommendations
Application of neural network in prediction of temperature: a review
AbstractThe aim of this study was to review different literatures to assess the applicability of artificial neural network in predicting temperature. Temperature prediction as part of weather prediction involves the application of science and technology ...
Artificial neural network and wavelet neural network approaches for modelling of a solar air heater
This paper reports on a modelling study of new solar air heater (SAH) system by using artificial neural network (ANN) and wavelet neural network (WNN) models. In this study, a device for inserting an absorbing plate made of aluminium cans into the ...
Prediction of accumulated temperature in vegetation period using artificial neural network
In this paper, the theory of artificial neural network with back-propagation algorithm (BPN) is presented, and the BPN model is used to predict the accumulated temperature for Northeast China, North China, and the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. A total of 235 ...
Comments