Abstract
The Historic Westside Universities Alliance Data Dashboard was created to meet the data equity needs of a group of resource-constrained communities in the Westside neighborhoods of Atlanta. We observed the development of this dashboard by participating as ethnographers and developers of its public safety module. Our ethnography and subsequent situational analysis of the dashboard's infrastructuring process led us to the work that individual stakeholders do in bringing such a dashboard to fruition. These stakeholders, whom we call infrastructural bricoleurs, operate through principles of situated knowledge, partial perspectives, limited power, and located accountability. Our analysis, which builds on concepts of infrastructures, bricolage, and feminist principles of technology design, helps us add further specificity to the work that infrastructural bricoleurs need to do when building civic data dashboards with resource constrained communities. Our findings benefit other researchers studying data infrastructures as well as administrators and practitioners within programs like DSSG (Data Science for Social Good) who are interested in building data infrastructures under similar constraints.
- Shana Agid. 2018. "Dismantle, change, build': Designing abolition at the intersections of local, large-scale, and imagined infrastructures. Design Studies, Vol. 59 (2018), 95--116.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Maryam Ali and Savita Bailur. 2007. The challenge of "sustainability" in ICT4D-Is bricolage the answer. In Proceedings of the 9th international conference on social implications of computers in developing countries. Citeseer, 54--60.Google Scholar
- Karen Barad. 1998. Getting real: Technoscientific practices and the materialization of reality. Differences: a journal of feminist cultural studies, Vol. 10, 2 (1998), 87--91.Google Scholar
- Christina Björkman, Pirjo Elovaara, and Lena Trojer. 2007. Feminist technoscience rearranging in the black box of information technology. In Gender Designs IT. Springer, 79--94.Google Scholar
- Jeanette Blomberg and Mark Burrel. 2009. An ethnographic approach to design. In Human-Computer Interaction. CRC Press, 87--110.Google Scholar
- Molly Bloom. 2016. Atlanta school district to consider closing more schools. https://www.ajc.com/news/local-education/atlanta-school-district-consider-closing-more-schools/4DjXfq13X6BADf1WZrKzQM/?fbclid=IwAR1DDsWjOukRzWoidw2UGSsonn5u1UKZPJ2yBLB446_SNIGai4BAJpjshgo Retrieved Feb 17, 2022 fromGoogle Scholar
- Geoffrey C Bowker. 1996. The history of information infrastructures: The case of the international classification of diseases. Information processing & management, Vol. 32, 1 (1996), 49--61.Google Scholar
- Geoffrey C Bowker, C Geoffrey, W Bernard Carlson, et al. 1994. Science on the run: Information management and industrial geophysics at Schlumberger, 1920--1940 .MIT press.Google Scholar
- Geoffrey C Bowker and Susan Leigh Star. 2000. Sorting things out: Classification and its consequences. MIT press.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Danah Boyd and Kate Crawford. 2012. Critical questions for big data: Provocations for a cultural, technological, and scholarly phenomenon. Information, communication & society, Vol. 15, 5 (2012), 662--679.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Monika Büscher, Satinder Gill, Preben Mogensen, and Dan Shapiro. 2001. Landscapes of practice: Bricolage as a method for situated design. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), Vol. 10, 1 (2001), 1--28.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Claudio Ciborra. 2002. The labyrinths of information: Challenging the wisdom of systems: Challenging the wisdom of systems .OUP Oxford.Google Scholar
- Adele E Clarke. 2003. Situational analyses: Grounded theory mapping after the postmodern turn. Symbolic interaction, Vol. 26, 4 (2003), 553--576.Google Scholar
- Adele E Clarke. 2015. From Grounded Theory to Situational Analysis. What's New? Why? How? In Situational analysis in practice: Mapping research with grounded theory, Adele E Clarke, Carrie Friese, and Rachel Washburn (Eds.). Left Coast Press, Walnut Creek, CA, 84--119.Google Scholar
- Adele E Clarke, Carrie Friese, and Rachel Washburn. 2015. Introducing Situational Analysis. In Situational analysis in practice: Mapping research with grounded theory, Adele E Clarke, Carrie Friese, and Rachel Washburn (Eds.). Left Coast Press, Walnut Creek, CA, 11--75.Google Scholar
- Sasha Costanza-Chock. 2018. Design justice: Towards an intersectional feminist framework for design theory and practice. Proceedings of the Design Research Society (2018).Google ScholarCross Ref
- Kate Crawford, Mary L Gray, and Kate Miltner. 2014. Big Data| critiquing Big Data: Politics, ethics, epistemology| special section introduction. International Journal of Communication, Vol. 8 (2014), 10.Google Scholar
- Clara Crivellaro, Rob Anderson, Daniel Lambton-Howard, Tom Nappey, Patrick Olivier, Vasilis Vlachokyriakos, Alexander Wilson, and Pete Wright. 2019. Infrastructuring public service transformation: Creating collaborative spaces between communities and institutions through HCI research. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI), Vol. 26, 3 (2019), 1--29.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Craig M Dalton, Linnet Taylor, and Jim Thatcher. 2016. Critical data studies: A dialog on data and space. Big Data & Society, Vol. 3, 1 (2016), 2053951716648346.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Christopher A Le Dantec and Carl DiSalvo. 2013. Infrastructuring and the formation of publics in participatory design. Social Studies of Science, Vol. 43, 2 (2013), 241--264.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Catherine D'ignazio and Lauren F Klein. 2020. Data feminism .MIT press.Google Scholar
- Carl DiSalvo. 2015. Adversarial design .Mit Press.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Lynn Dombrowski, Ellie Harmon, and Sarah Fox. 2016. Social justice-oriented interaction design: Outlining key design strategies and commitments. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems. 656--671.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Paul Dourish. 2006. Implications for design. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in computing systems. 541--550.Google ScholarDigital Library
- John Eck, Spencer Chainey, James Cameron, and Ronald Wilson. 2005. Mapping crime: Understanding Hot Spots. Technical Report. https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/nij/209393.pdfGoogle Scholar
- Paul N Edwards. 2013. Knowledge infrastructures: Intellectual frameworks and research challenges. (2013).Google Scholar
- Ingrid Erickson and Steven Sawyer. 2019. Infrastructuring as Bricolage: Thinking Like a Contemporary Knowledge Worker. In Thinking Infrastructures. Emerald Publishing Limited.Google Scholar
- Amy Gonzales. 2017. Technology maintenance: a new frame for studying poverty and marginalization. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 289--294.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ole Hanseth and Eric Monteiro. 1998. Understanding information infrastructure. Unpublished Manuscript, Retrieved on 6th September from http://heim. ifi. uio. no/ oleha/Publications/bok. pdf (1998).Google Scholar
- Donna J Haraway. 1988. 1991. Situated knowledges: The science question in feminism and the privilege of partial perspective. Simians, cyborgs, and women: The reinvention of nature (1988), 1.Google Scholar
- Ira Harkavy. 2006. The role of universities in advancing citizenship and social justice in the 21st century. Education, citizenship and social justice, Vol. 1, 1 (2006), 5--37.Google Scholar
- Jina Huh, Lisa P Nathan, Six Silberman, Eli Blevis, Bill Tomlinson, Phoebe Sengers, and Daniela Busse. 2010. Examining appropriation, re-use, and maintenance for sustainability. In CHI'10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 4457--4460.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Steven J Jackson, Alex Pompe, and Gabriel Krieshok. 2012. Repair worlds: maintenance, repair, and ICT for development in rural Namibia. In Proceedings of the ACM 2012 conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work. 107--116.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Helena Karasti. 2014. Infrastructuring in participatory design. In Proceedings of the 13th Participatory Design Conference: Research Papers-Volume 1. 141--150.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Helena Karasti, Karen S Baker, and Eija Halkola. 2006. Enriching the notion of data curation in e-science: data managing and information infrastructuring in the long term ecological research (LTER) network. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), Vol. 15, 4 (2006), 321--358.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Helena Karasti and Jeanette Blomberg. 2018. Studying infrastructuring ethnographically. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), Vol. 27, 2 (2018), 233--265.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Helena Karasti and Anna-Liisa Syrjanen. 2004. Artful infrastructuring in two cases of community PD. In Proceedings of the eighth conference on Participatory design: Artful integration: interweaving media, materials and practices-Volume 1. 20--30.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Rob Kitchin and Tracey Lauriault. 2014. Towards critical data studies: Charting and unpacking data assemblages and their work. (2014).Google Scholar
- Rob Kitchin, Tracey P Lauriault, and Gavin McArdle. 2015. Knowing and governing cities through urban indicators, city benchmarking and real-time dashboards. Regional Studies, Regional Science, Vol. 2, 1 (2015), 6--28.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Rob Kitchin and Gavin McArdle. 2017. Urban data and city dashboards: Six key issues. In Data and the City. Routledge, 111--126.Google Scholar
- Matthias Korn, Wolfgang Reißmann, Tobias Röhl, and David Sittler. 2019. Infrastructuring publics: A research perspective. Infrastructuring Publics (2019), 11--47.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Kevin M Kruse. 2019. What does a traffic jam in Atlanta have to do with segregation? Quite a lot. New York Times (2019).Google Scholar
- Christopher A Le Dantec and Sarah Fox. 2015. Strangers at the gate: Gaining access, building rapport, and co-constructing community-based research. In Proceedings of the 18th ACM conference on computer supported cooperative work & social computing. 1348--1358.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Suresh K Lodha and Arvind K Verma. 2000. Spatio-temporal visualization of urban crimes on a GIS grid. In Proceedings of the 8th ACM international symposium on Advances in geographic information systems. 174--179.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Thomas Ludwig, Volkmar Pipek, and Peter Tolmie. 2018. Designing for collaborative infrastructuring: Supporting resonance activities. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 2, CSCW (2018), 1--29.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Claude Lvi-Strauss. 1966. The savage mind .University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
- Ezio Manzini. 2015. Design, when everybody designs: An introduction to design for social innovation .MIT press.Google Scholar
- S Mattern. 2014. Interfacing urban intelligence. Places.Google Scholar
- Gavin McArdle and Rob Kitchin. 2016. The Dublin Dashboard: Design and development of a real-time analytical urban dashboard. (2016).Google Scholar
- Katie O'Connell, Yeji Lee, Firaz Peer, Shawn M Staudaher, Alex Godwin, Mackenzie Madden, and Ellen Zegura. 2016. Making public safety data accessible in the westside Atlanta data dashboard. arXiv preprint arXiv:1609.09756 (2016).Google Scholar
- Neil Pollock and Robin Williams. 2008. Software and organisations: The biography of the enterprise-wide system or how SAP conquered the world .Routledge.Google Scholar
- Sebastian Prost, Vasilis Vlachokyriakos, Jane Midgley, Graeme Heron, Kahina Meziant, and Clara Crivellaro. 2019. Infrastructuring food democracy: The formation of a local food hub in the context of socio-economic deprivation. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Vol. 3, CSCW (2019), 1--27.Google ScholarDigital Library
- David Ribes. 2014. Ethnography of scaling, or, how to a fit a national research infrastructure in the room. In Proceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work & social computing. 158--170.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Jennifer A Rode. 2011. Reflexivity in digital anthropology. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. 123--132.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Daniela K Rosner, Steven J Jackson, Garnet Hertz, Lara Houston, and Nimmi Rangaswamy. 2013. Reclaiming repair: Maintenance and mending as methods for design. In CHI'13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 3311--3314.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Richard Rottenburg, Sally E Merry, Sung-Joon Park, and Johanna Mugler. 2015. The world of indicators: The making of governmental knowledge through quantification .Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Rachel Boba Santos. 2016. Crime analysis with crime mapping .Sage publications.Google Scholar
- Steve Sawyer, Ingrid Erickson, and Mohammad Hossein Jarrahi. 2019. Infrastructural Competence. In Digital STS Handbook, David Ribes and Janet Vertesi (Eds.). University of Chicago Press, Princeton, NJ. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvc77mp9.22Google Scholar
- Susan Star and Geoffrey Bowker. 2002. How to Infrastructure. In Handbook of New Media: Social Shaping and Consequences of ICTs, Leah A. Lievrouw and Sonia Livingstone (Eds.). SAGE Publications, Ltd, London, 151--162. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781848608245.n12Google Scholar
- Susan Leigh Star. 1999. The ethnography of infrastructure. American behavioral scientist, Vol. 43, 3 (1999), 377--391.Google Scholar
- Susan Leigh Star and Karen Ruhleder. 1996. Steps toward an ecology of infrastructure: Design and access for large information spaces. Information systems research, Vol. 7, 1 (1996), 111--134.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Lucy Suchman. 2002. Located accountabilities in technology production. Scandinavian journal of information systems, Vol. 14, 2 (2002), 7.Google Scholar
- Donna R Tabangin, Jacqueline C Flores, and Nelson F Emperador. 2010. Investigating crime hotspot places and their implication to urban environmental design: a geographic visualization and data mining approach. International Journal of Human and Social Sciences, Vol. 5, 4 (2010), 210--218.Google Scholar
- Nick Taylor, Keith Cheverst, Peter Wright, and Patrick Olivier. 2013. Leaving the wild: lessons from community technology handovers. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1549--1558.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sherry Turkle and Seymour Papert. 1992. Epistemological pluralism and the revaluation of the concrete. Journal of Mathematical Behavior, Vol. 11, 1 (1992), 3--33.Google Scholar
- Anna Vallgårda and Ylva Fernaeus. 2015. Interaction design as a bricolage practice. In Proceedings of the ninth international conference on tangible, embedded, and embodied interaction. 173--180.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Janet Vertesi. 2014. Seamful spaces: Heterogeneous infrastructures in interaction. Science, Technology, & Human Values, Vol. 39, 2 (2014), 264--284.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Vasillis Vlachokyriakos, Clara Crivellaro, Pete Wright, and Patrick Olivier. 2018. Infrastructuring the solidarity economy: Unpacking strategies and tactics in designing social innovation. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 1--12.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Keith Whitney. 2011. The Bluff: Atlanta's forgotten community. http://downtown.11alive.com/news/news/88834-bluff-atlantas-forgotten-communityGoogle Scholar
- Robin Williams and Neil Pollock. 2012. Research commentary-moving beyond the single site implementation study: how (and why) we should study the biography of packaged enterprise solutions. Information Systems Research, Vol. 23, 1 (2012), 1--22.Google ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- The Work of Infrastructural Bricoleurs in Building Civic Data Dashboards
Recommendations
Designing and Operationalizing a Civic Data Infrastructure in Atlanta's Westside Neighborhoods
CSCW '19 Companion: Companion Publication of the 2019 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social ComputingMy doctoral research aims to understand if civic data infrastructures can be designed and operationalized to serve the data equity and advocacy needs of minoritized communities. I do this using a combination of participatory and ethnographic research ...
The Human Infrastructure of Civic Data: A Taxonomy for Participatory Infrastructuring of Civic Data
AbstractAs data becomes available online, it often remains inaccessible to marginalized communities where the resources, skills, and knowledge required to access and use such data are unevenly distributed. To make data more accessible to one such ...
Infrastructural Grind: Introducing Blockchain Technology in the Shipping Domain
GROUP '18: Proceedings of the 2018 ACM International Conference on Supporting Group WorkIn this paper, we present ethnographic data unpacking three different accounts of how Blockchain technology gets introduced into the shipping domain. The results demonstrate that the shipping industry is based upon an information infrastructure with a ...
Comments