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Data-driven decarbonization of residential heating systems: an equity perspective

Published: 28 June 2022 Publication History

Abstract

Since heating buildings using natural gas, propane and oil makes up a significant proportion of the aggregate carbon emissions every year, there is a strong interest in decarbonizing residential heating systems using new technologies such as electric heat pumps. In this poster, we conduct a data-driven optimization study to analyze the potential of replacing gas heating with electric heat pumps to reduce carbon emissions in a city-wide distribution grid. We seek to not only reduce the carbon footprint of residential heating, but also show how to do so equitably. Our results show that lower income homes have an energy usage intensity 24% higher than that of high income ones. We propose equity-aware transition strategies that enforce equity and show that such strategies achieve significant levels of CO2 reduction while reducing the disparity in value of selected homes by 5× compared to a carbon-first approach.

References

[1]
U.S. Energy Information Administration. 2015. 5 Residential Energy Consumption Survey: Energy Consumption and Expenditures Tables. Retrieved May 23, 2022 from https://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2015/c&e/pdf/ce6.1.pdf
[2]
Sherri Billimoria, Leia Guccione, Mike Henchen, and Leah Louis-Prescott. 2021. The Economics of Electrifying Buildings: How Electric Space and Water Heating Supports Decarbonization of Residential Buildings. In World Scientific Encyclopedia of Climate Change: Case Studies of Climate Risk, Action, and Opportunity Volume 3. World Scientific, 297--304.
[3]
Anna M Brockway and Pierre Delforge. 2018. Emissions reduction potential from electric heat pumps in California homes. The Electricity Journal 31, 9 (2018), 44--53.
[4]
Benjamin Goldstein, Dimitrios Gounaridis, and Joshua P Newell. 2020. The carbon footprint of household energy use in the United States. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, 32 (2020), 19122--19130.
[5]
A Hopkins, K Takahashi, D Glick, and M Whited. 2018. Decarbonization of Heating Energy Use in California Buildings. Synapse Energy Economics (2018).
[6]
Noah Kaufman, David Sandalow, Clotilde Rossi Di Schio, and Jake Higdon. 2019. Decarbonizing space heating with air source heat pumps. Center Glob. Energy Policy 1 (2019), 1--46.
[7]
Jessica Leung. 2018. Decarbonizing US buildings. Center for Climate and Energy Solutions (2018).
[8]
Hongyu Zhang, Li Zhou, Xiaodan Huang, and Xiliang Zhang. 2019. Decarbonizing a large City's heating system using heat pumps: A case study of Beijing. Energy 186 (2019), 115820.

Cited By

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  • (2025)Towards data-driven electricity management: multi-region uniform data and knowledge graphScientific Data10.1038/s41597-024-04310-z12:1Online publication date: 9-Jan-2025
  • (2024)Locational marginal burden: Quantifying the equity of optimal power flow solutionsProceedings of the 15th ACM International Conference on Future and Sustainable Energy Systems10.1145/3632775.3661947(97-107)Online publication date: 4-Jun-2024

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cover image ACM Conferences
e-Energy '22: Proceedings of the Thirteenth ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems
June 2022
630 pages
ISBN:9781450393973
DOI:10.1145/3538637
Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

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Association for Computing Machinery

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Publication History

Published: 28 June 2022

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Author Tags

  1. decarbonization
  2. electric heat pump
  3. equity
  4. optimization

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Overall Acceptance Rate 160 of 446 submissions, 36%

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Cited By

View all
  • (2025)Towards data-driven electricity management: multi-region uniform data and knowledge graphScientific Data10.1038/s41597-024-04310-z12:1Online publication date: 9-Jan-2025
  • (2024)Locational marginal burden: Quantifying the equity of optimal power flow solutionsProceedings of the 15th ACM International Conference on Future and Sustainable Energy Systems10.1145/3632775.3661947(97-107)Online publication date: 4-Jun-2024

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