skip to main content
10.1145/3543873.3584648acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PageswwwConference Proceedingsconference-collections
short-paper

Contrastive Fine-tuning on Few Shot Intent Detection with Topological Intent Tree

Published:30 April 2023Publication History

ABSTRACT

We present a few-shot intent detection model for an enterprise’s conversational dialogue system. The model uses an intent topological tree to guide the search for the user intent using large language models (LLMs). The intents are resolved based on semantic similarities between user utterances and the text descriptions of the internal nodes of the intent tree or the intent examples in the leaf nodes of the tree. Our results show that an off-the-shelf language model can work reasonably well in a large enterprise deployment without fine-tuning, and its performance can be further improved with fine-tuning as more domain-specific data becomes available. We also show that the fine-tuned language model meets and outperforms the state-of-the-art (SOTA) results in resolving conversation intents without training classifiers. With the use of a topological intent tree, our model provides more interpretability to cultivate people’s trust in their decisions.

References

  1. Iñigo Casanueva, Tadas Temčinas, Daniela Gerz, Matthew Henderson, and Ivan Vulić. 2020. Efficient Intent Detection with Dual Sentence Encoders. In Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Natural Language Processing for Conversational AI. Association for Computational Linguistics, Online, 38–45. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.nlp4convai-1.5Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  2. Daniel Cer, Yinfei Yang, Sheng-yi Kong, Nan Hua, Nicole Limtiaco, Rhomni St John, Noah Constant, Mario Guajardo-Céspedes, Steve Yuan, Chris Tar, 2018. Universal sentence encoder. arXiv preprint arXiv:1803.11175 (2018).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  3. Tianyu Gao, Xingcheng Yao, and Danqi Chen. 2021. SimCSE: Simple Contrastive Learning of Sentence Embeddings. arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.08821 (2021).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  4. R. Hadsell, S. Chopra, and Y. LeCun. 2006. Dimensionality Reduction by Learning an Invariant Mapping. In 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR’06), Vol. 2. 1735–1742. https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.2006.100Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  5. Matthew Henderson, Iñigo Casanueva, Nikola Mrkšić, Pei-Hao Su, Tsung-Hsien Wen, and Ivan Vulić. 2019. ConveRT: Efficient and accurate conversational representations from transformers. arXiv preprint arXiv:1911.03688 (2019).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  6. Stefan Larson, Anish Mahendran, Joseph J. Peper, Christopher Clarke, Andrew Lee, Parker Hill, Jonathan K. Kummerfeld, Kevin Leach, Michael A. Laurenzano, Lingjia Tang, and Jason Mars. 2019. An Evaluation Dataset for Intent Classification and Out-of-Scope Prediction. In Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP). https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D19-1131Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  7. Xingkun Liu, Arash Eshghi, Pawel Swietojanski, and Verena Rieser. 2019. Benchmarking natural language understanding services for building conversational agents.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  8. Shikib Mehri and Mihail Eric. 2021. Example-Driven Intent Prediction with Observers. In Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. Association for Computational Linguistics, Online, 2979–2992. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.naacl-main.237Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  9. S. Mehri, M. Eric, and D. Hakkani-Tur. 2020. DialoGLUE: A Natural Language Understanding Benchmark for Task-Oriented Dialogue. ArXiv abs/2009.13570 (2020).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  10. Nils Reimers and Iryna Gurevych. 2019. Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks. In Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Association for Computational Linguistics. https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  11. Jetze Schuurmans and Flavius Frasincar. 2020. Intent Classification for Dialogue Utterances. IEEE Intelligent Systems 35, 1 (2020), 82–88. https://doi.org/10.1109/MIS.2019.2954966Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  12. Ivan Vulić, Pei-Hao Su, Samuel Coope, Daniela Gerz, Paweł Budzianowski, Iñigo Casanueva, Nikola Mrkšić, and Tsung-Hsien Wen. 2021. ConvFiT: Conversational Fine-Tuning of Pretrained Language Models. In Proceedings of the 2021 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Association for Computational Linguistics, Online and Punta Cana, Dominican Republic, 1151–1168. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.emnlp-main.88Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  13. Congying Xia, Wenpeng Yin, Yihao Feng, and Philip Yu. 2021. Incremental few-shot text classification with multi-round new classes: Formulation, dataset and system. arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.11882 (2021).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  14. Jianguo Zhang, Trung Bui, Seunghyun Yoon, Xiang Chen, Zhiwei Liu, Congying Xia, Quan Hung Tran, Walter Chang, and Philip Yu. 2021. Few-Shot Intent Detection via Contrastive Pre-Training and Fine-Tuning. In Proceedings of the 2021 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Association for Computational Linguistics, Online and Punta Cana, Dominican Republic, 1906–1912. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2021.emnlp-main.144Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  15. Jianguo Zhang, Kazuma Hashimoto, Wenhao Liu, Chien-Sheng Wu, Yao Wan, Philip Yu, Richard Socher, and Caiming Xiong. 2020. Discriminative Nearest Neighbor Few-Shot Intent Detection by Transferring Natural Language Inference. In Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP). Association for Computational Linguistics, Online, 5064–5082. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.emnlp-main.411Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  16. Zheng Zhang, Ryuichi Takanobu, Qi Zhu, MinLie Huang, and XiaoYan Zhu. 2020. Recent advances and challenges in task-oriented dialog systems. Science China Technological Sciences (2020), 1–17.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar

Index Terms

  1. Contrastive Fine-tuning on Few Shot Intent Detection with Topological Intent Tree

          Recommendations

          Comments

          Login options

          Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

          Sign in
          • Published in

            cover image ACM Conferences
            WWW '23 Companion: Companion Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2023
            April 2023
            1567 pages
            ISBN:9781450394192
            DOI:10.1145/3543873

            Copyright © 2023 ACM

            Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

            Publisher

            Association for Computing Machinery

            New York, NY, United States

            Publication History

            • Published: 30 April 2023

            Permissions

            Request permissions about this article.

            Request Permissions

            Check for updates

            Qualifiers

            • short-paper
            • Research
            • Refereed limited

            Acceptance Rates

            Overall Acceptance Rate1,899of8,196submissions,23%

            Upcoming Conference

            WWW '24
            The ACM Web Conference 2024
            May 13 - 17, 2024
            Singapore , Singapore
          • Article Metrics

            • Downloads (Last 12 months)104
            • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)6

            Other Metrics

          PDF Format

          View or Download as a PDF file.

          PDF

          eReader

          View online with eReader.

          eReader

          HTML Format

          View this article in HTML Format .

          View HTML Format