ABSTRACT
Survival from on-street cardiac arrest is dependent on three factors: early recognition, CPR, and defibrillation. These three elements rely on a successful and complex interaction between a remote dispatcher and a bystander non-expert in on-site care. Digital applications have been developed to assist the bystander in performing the rescue procedures. This study focuses on the impact of introducing such an application on the already complex interactions between a bystander and a dispatcher. We performed cardiac arrests simulations and analyzed the results under the prism of distributed cognition. The results show that although the application helps the bystanders perform CPR, it disrupts an already complex interaction due to its characteristics; the distance and number of speakers can hinder the activity of the dispatcher while causing a feeling of loss of meaning and insecurity.
- Shijiao Yan, Yong Gan, Nan Jiang, Rixing Wang, Yunqiang Chen, Zhiqian Luo, Qiao Zong, Song Chen, and Chuanzhu Lv. 2020. The global survival rate among adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Critical Care 24, 1 (2020), 1–13.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Jan-Thorsten Gräsner, Jan Wnent, Johan Herlitz, Gavin D. Perkins, Rolf Lefering, Ingvild Tjelmeland, Rudolph W. Koster, Siobhán Masterson, Fernando Rossell-Ortiz, Holger Maurer, Bernd W. Böttiger, Maximilian Moertl, Pierre Mols, Hajriz Alihodžić, Irzal Hadžibegović, Marios Ioannides, Anatolij Truhlář, Mads Wissenberg, Ari Salo, Josephine Escutnaire, Nikolaos Nikolaou, Eniko Nagy, Bergthor Steinn Jonsson, Peter Wright, Federico Semeraro, Carlo Clarens, Steffie Beesems, Grzegorz Cebula, Vitor H Correia, Diana Cimpoesu, Violetta Raffay, Stefan Trenkler, Andrej Markota, Anneli Strömsöe, Roman Burkart, Scott Booth, and Leo Bossaert. 2020. Survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Europe - Results of the EuReCa TWO study. Resuscitation 148, (March 2020), 218–226. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.12.042Google ScholarCross Ref
- John S Rumsfeld, Steven C Brooks, Tom P Aufderheide, Marion Leary, Steven M Bradley, Chileshe Nkonde-Price, Lee H Schwamm, Mariell Jessup, Jose Maria E Ferrer, and Raina M Merchant. 2016. Use of mobile devices, social media, and crowdsourcing as digital strategies to improve emergency cardiovascular care: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 134, 8 (2016), e87–e108Google ScholarCross Ref
- Amy Souers, Christian Zuver, Alexa Rodriguez, Christine Van Dillen, Christopher Hunter, and Linda Papa. 2021. Bystander CPR occurrences in out of hospital cardiac arrest between sexes. Resuscitation 166, (September 2021), 1–6. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.06.021Google ScholarCross Ref
- Spyros D. Mentzelopoulos, Keith Couper, Patrick Van de Voorde, Patrick Druwé, Marieke Blom, Gavin D. Perkins, Ileana Lulic, Jana Djakow, Violetta Raffay, Gisela Lilja, and Leo Bossaert. 2021. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Ethics of resuscitation and end of life decisions. Resuscitation 161, (April 2021), 408–432. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.02.017Google ScholarCross Ref
- Ailish Valeriano, Shyan Van Heer, François de Champlain, and Steven C. Brooks. 2021. Crowdsourcing to save lives: A scoping review of bystander alert technologies for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 158, (January 2021), 94–121. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.10.035Google ScholarCross Ref
- Salim S Virani, Alvaro Alonso, Emelia J Benjamin, Marcio S Bittencourt, Clifton W Callaway, April P Carson, Alanna M Chamberlain, Alexander R Chang, Susan Cheng, and Francesca N Delling. 2020. Heart disease and stroke statistics—2020 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 141, 9 (2020), e139–e596.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Gavin D. Perkins, Anthony J. Handley, Rudolph W. Koster, Maaret Castrén, Michael A. Smyth, Theresa Olasveengen, Koenraad G. Monsieurs, Violetta Raffay, Jan-Thorsten Gräsner, Volker Wenzel, Giuseppe Ristagno, Jasmeet Soar, Leo L. Bossaert, Antonio Caballero, Pascal Cassan, Cristina Granja, Claudio Sandroni, David A. Zideman, Jerry P. Nolan, Ian Maconochie, and Robert Greif. 2015. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015: Section 2. Adult basic life support and automated external defibrillation. Resuscitation 95, (October 2015), 81–99. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2015.07.015Google ScholarCross Ref
- Marc van den Homberg, Robert Monné, and Marco Spruit. 2018. Bridging the information gap of disaster responders by optimizing data selection using cost and quality. Computers & geosciences 120, (2018), 60–72.Google Scholar
- Nitesh Bharosa, JinKyu Lee, and Marijn Janssen. 2010. Challenges and obstacles in sharing and coordinating information during multi-agency disaster response: Propositions from field exercises. Information Systems Frontiers 12, 1 (2010), 49–65.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Laura G Militello, Emily S Patterson, Robert Wears, and Jill A Ritter. 2005. Large-scale coordination in emergency response. SAGE Publications Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA, 534–538.Google Scholar
- Aleksandra Sarcevic and Nicole Ferraro. 2017. On the use of electronic documentation systems in fast-paced, time-critical medical settings. Interacting with Computers 29, 2 (2017), 203–219Google Scholar
- William W Tollefsen, Mark Gaynor, Marissa Pepe, Dan Myung, Matt Welsh, and Steven Moulton. 2005. iRevive: A pre-hospital database system for emergency medical services. International journal of healthcare technology and management 6, 4–6 (2005), 454–469.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Mica MR Endsley. 1995. Toward a theory of situation awareness in dynamic systems. human factors, 37 (1), 32-64. (1995).Google Scholar
- Mica R Endsley. 2015. Situation awareness misconceptions and misunderstandings. Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making 9, 1 (2015), 4–32.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Martha Bird, Louise Hansen, and Massimo Lanfranco. 2020. New ways of volunteering. Challenges and opportunities. A working paper and toolbox for care and support for spontaneous unafilliated volunteers.Google Scholar
- Blythe McLennan, Julie Molloy, Dr Joshua Whittaker, and Professor John Handmer. 2016. Centralised coordination of spontaneous emergency volunteers: the EV CREW model. 31, 1 (2016), 8.Google Scholar
- Christian Reuter, Thomas Ludwig, Marc-André Kaufhold, and Thomas Spielhofer. 2016. Emergency services attitudes towards social media: A quantitative and qualitative survey across Europe. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 95, (November 2016), 96–111. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2016.03.005Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sumitro Harjanto, May Xue Bi Na, Ying Hao, Yih Yng Ng, Nausheen Doctor, E. Shaun Goh, Benjamin Sieu-Hon Leong, Han Nee Gan, Michael Yih Chong Chia, Lai Peng Tham, Si Oon Cheah, Nur Shahidah, and Marcus Eng Hock Ong. 2016. A before–after interventional trial of dispatcher-assisted cardio-pulmonary resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in Singapore. Resuscitation 102, (May 2016), 85–93. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.02.014Google ScholarCross Ref
- David D Berg, Bentley J Bobrow, and Robert A Berg. 2019. Key components of a community response to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Nature Reviews Cardiology 16, 7 (2019), 407–416.Google Scholar
- Andrew J Bouland, Megan H Halliday, Angela C Comer, Matthew J Levy, Kevin G Seaman, and Benjamin J Lawner. 2017. Evaluating barriers to bystander CPR among laypersons before and after compression-only CPR training. Prehospital Emergency Care 21, 5 (2017), 662–669.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Bjørn Knævelsrud Kanstad, S Aa Nilsen, and KCPR Fredriksen. 2011. CPR knowledge and attitude to performing bystander CPR among secondary school students in Norway. Resuscitation 82, 8 (2011), 1053–1059.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Clément Derkenne, Daniel Jost, Florian Roquet, Paul Dardel, Romain Kedzierewicz, Alexandre Mignon, Stéphane Travers, Benoit Frattini, Laurent Prieux, Emmanuel Rozenberg, Xavier Demaison, John Gaudet, Félicité Charry, Olivier Stibbe, Frédérique Briche, Frédéric Lemoine, Xavier Lesaffre, Olga Maurin, Eric Gauyat, Eric Faraon, Sabine Lemoine, and Bertrand Prunet. 2020. Mobile Smartphone Technology Is Associated With Out‐of‐hospital Cardiac Arrest Survival Improvement: The First Year “Greater Paris Fire Brigade” Experience. Acad Emerg Med 27, 10 (October 2020), 951–962. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/acem.13987Google ScholarCross Ref
- Sun Young Lee, Kyoung Jun Song, Sang Do Shin, Ki Jeong Hong, and Tae Han Kim. 2020. Comparison of the effects of audio-instructed and video-instructed dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation on resuscitation outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation 147, (February 2020), 12–20. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.12.004Google ScholarCross Ref
- Yu-You Lin, Wen-Chu Chiang, Ming-Ju Hsieh, Jen-Tang Sun, Yi-Chung Chang, and Matthew Huei-Ming Ma. 2018. Quality of audio-assisted versus video-assisted dispatcher-instructed bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Resuscitation 123, (February 2018), 77–85. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2017.12.010Google ScholarCross Ref
- Samuel Stipulante, Anne-Sophie Delfosse, Anne-Françoise Donneau, Gary Hartsein, Sophie Haus, Vincent D'Orio, and Alexandre Ghuysen. 2016. Interactive videoconferencing versus audio telephone calls for dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation using the ALERT algorithm: a randomized trial. European Journal of Emergency Medicine 23, 6 (2016), 418–424.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Edwin Hutchins. 2013. Culture and inference. Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
- Edwin Hutchins. 1995. Cognition in the Wild. MIT press.Google Scholar
- Edwin Hutchins. 1983. Understanding micronesian navigation. Mental models (1983), 191–225.Google Scholar
- Zhan Zhang, Karen Joy, Pradeepti Upadhyayula, Mustafa Ozkaynak, Richard Harris, and Kathleen Adelgais. 2021. Data Work and Decision Making in Emergency Medical Services: A Distributed Cognition Perspective. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 5, CSCW2 (2021), 1–32.Google ScholarDigital Library
- James Hollan, Edwin Hutchins, and David Kirsh. 2000. Distributed cognition: toward a new foundation for human-computer interaction research. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) 7, 2 (2000), 174–196.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Christine A Halverson. 2002. Activity theory and distributed cognition: Or what does CSCW need to DO with theories? Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) 11, 1 (2002), 243–267.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ann Blandford and Dominic Furniss. 2005. DiCoT: a methodology for applying distributed cognition to the design of teamworking systems. Springer, 26–38.Google Scholar
- Ludovic Seifert, Julien Lardy, Jérôme Bourbousson, David Adé, Antoine Nordez, Régis Thouvarecq, and Jacques Saury. 2017. Interpersonal coordination and individual organization combined with shared phenomenological experience in rowing performance: two case studies. Frontiers in psychology 8, (2017), 75.Google Scholar
- Mehdi R'Kiouak, Jacques Saury, Marc Durand, and Jérôme Bourbousson. 2018. Joint action in an elite rowing pair crew after intensive team training: The reinforcement of extra-personal processes. Human movement science 57, (2018), 303–313.Google Scholar
- Eric Terrien, Benoît Huet, Paul Iachkine, and Jacques Saury. 2020. Coordination between crew members on flying multihulls: a case study on a Nacra 17. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine 19, 2 (2020), 298.Google Scholar
- Gerhard Leitner, David Ahlström, and Martin Hitz. 2007. Usability of mobile computing in emergency response systems–Lessons learned and future directions. Springer, 241–254.Google Scholar
- Lars Gerhold, Roman Peperhove, and Edda Brandes. 2020. Using Scenarios in a Living Lab for improving Emergency Preparedness. (2020), 12.Google Scholar
- Tilo Mentler, Henrik Berndt, Daniel Wessel, and Michael Herczeg. 2017. Usability Evaluation of Information Technology in Disaster and Emergency Management. In Information Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction, Yuko Murayama, Dimiter Velev, Plamena Zlateva and Jose J. Gonzalez (eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 46–60. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68486-4_5Google ScholarCross Ref
- P Vermersch. 1994. L'entretien d'explicitation [The explicitation interview].Google Scholar
- Béatrice Cahour, Pascal Salembier, and Moustapha Zouinar. 2016. Analyzing lived experience of activity. Le travail humain 79, 3 (2016), 259. DOI:https://doi.org/10.3917/th.793.0259Google ScholarCross Ref
- Armelle Balas-Chanel. 2013. La pratique réflexive: un outil de développement des compétences infirmières. Elsevier Health Sciences.Google Scholar
- Gitte Linderoth, Oscar Rosenkrantz, Freddy Lippert, Doris Østergaard, Annette K. Ersbøll, Christian S. Meyhoff, Fredrik Folke, and Helle.C. Christensen. 2021. Live video from bystanders’ smartphones to improve cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Resuscitation 168, (November 2021), 35–43. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.08.048Google ScholarCross Ref
- Gitte Linderoth, Thea Palsgaard Møller, Fredrik Folke, Freddy K. Lippert, and Doris Østergaard. 2019. Medical dispatchers’ perception of visual information in real out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a qualitative interview study. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 27, 1 (January 2019), 8. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-018-0584-0Google ScholarCross Ref
Index Terms
- Analyzing the challenges of an assistive application’ integration in a complex emergency interaction using a distributed cognition perspective
Recommendations
Distributed cognition: toward a new foundation for human-computer interaction research
Special issue on human-computer interaction in the new millennium, Part 2We are quickly passing through the historical moment when people work in front of a single computer, dominated by a small CRT and focused on tasks involving only local information. Networked computers are becoming ubiquitous and are playing increasingly ...
Analyzing ECG for cardiac arrhythmia using cluster analysis
This work proposes a method of analyzing ECG signal to diagnose cardiac arrhythmias utilizing the cluster analysis (CA) method. The proposed method can accurately classify and distinguish the difference between normal heartbeats (NORM) and abnormal ...
Analyzing human-computer interaction as distributed cognition: the resources model
In this article we present a new approach to interaction modeling based on the concept of information resources. The approach is inspired by recent distributed cognition (DC) literature but develops a model that applies specifically to human-computer ...
Comments