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Student Research Abstract: SplitChain: Blockchain with fully decentralized dynamic sharding resilient to fast adaptive adversaries

Published: 07 June 2023 Publication History

Abstract

Over the past few years, blockchains have captured the public's interest with the promise of pseudo-anonymous decentralized exchange infrastructures. However, their potential is hindered by various technical issues, such as their ability to scale with problematic storage and communication costs and a fairly low transaction throughput. In this paper, we present SplitChain, a protocol intended to support the creation of scalable account-based blockchains without undermining decentralization and security. This is achieved by using sharding, i.e. by splitting the blockchain into several lighter chains managed by their own disjoint sets of validators called shards. These shards balance the load by processing disjoint sets of transactions in parallel. SplitChain distinguishes itself from other sharded blockchains by minimizing the synchronization constraints among shards while maintaining security guarantees. Finally, the protocol is designed to dynamically adapt the number of shards to the system load, to avoid over-dimensioning issues of most of the existing sharding-based solutions where the number of shards is static.

References

[1]
Eleftherios Kokoris-Kogias, Philipp Jovanovic, Linus Gasser, Nicolas Gailly, Ewa Syta, and Bryan Ford. 2018. OmniLedger: A Secure, Scale-Out, Decentralized Ledger via Sharding. In 2018 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). 583--598.
[2]
Loi Luu, Viswesh Narayanan, Chaodong Zheng, Kunal Baweja, Seth Gilbert, and Prateek Saxena. 2016. A Secure Sharding Protocol For Open Blockchains. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS '16). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 17--30.
[3]
Alberto Sonnino, Shehar Bano, Mustafa Al-Bassam, and George Danezis. 2020. Replay Attacks and Defenses Against Cross-shard Consensus in Sharded Distributed Ledgers. In 2020 IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy (EuroS&P). 294--308.
[4]
Jiaping Wang and Hao Wang. 2019. Monoxide: Scale out Blockchains with Asynchronous Consensus Zones. In 16th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 19). USENIX Association, Boston, MA, 95--112. https://www.usenix.org/conference/nsdi19/presentation/wang-jiaping

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  1. Student Research Abstract: SplitChain: Blockchain with fully decentralized dynamic sharding resilient to fast adaptive adversaries

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      cover image ACM Conferences
      SAC '23: Proceedings of the 38th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing
      March 2023
      1932 pages
      ISBN:9781450395175
      DOI:10.1145/3555776
      Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the owner/author(s).

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      Publication History

      Published: 07 June 2023

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      Author Tags

      1. ACM proceedings
      2. blockchain protocols
      3. sharding
      4. scalability
      5. adaptive adversary
      6. permissionless blockchain

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      Overall Acceptance Rate 1,650 of 6,669 submissions, 25%

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      The 40th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing
      March 31 - April 4, 2025
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