skip to main content
10.1145/3577530.3577540acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagescsaiConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Adder Wavelet for Better Image Classification under Adder Neural Network

Published:30 March 2023Publication History

ABSTRACT

Adder neural network (AdderNet) is a new kind of deep learning model in which the original massive multiplications in convolutions are replaced by additions. The overall energy consumption using adder network is reduced significantly. However, there is a classification accuracy drop when using AdderNet in image classification task. In this paper, we present an adder wavelet transform (AWT) layer instead of the existing down-sampling operations. Based on the AWT layer, we propose a novel adder neural network (AddWaveNet) to improve classification accuracy. Experimental results on CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 datasets show that our proposed AddWaveNets achieves significant improvements in classification accuracy and powerful ability of feature learning compared to state-of-the-art quantization networks. Specifically, based on ResNet-32 backbones, AddWaveNet achieves 0.24% accuracy improvement on the CIFAR-10 benchmark and 0.52% accuracy improvement on the CIFAR-100 benchmark.

References

  1. Hanting Chen, Yunhe Wang, Chunjing Xu, Boxin Shi, Chao Xu, Qi Tian, and Chang Xu. 2020. AdderNet: Do we really need multiplications in deep learning?. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 1468–1477.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  2. Xinghao Chen, Chang Xu, Minjing Dong, Chunjing Xu, and Yunhe Wang. 2021. An empirical study of adder neural networks for object detection. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 34 (2021), 6894–6905.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  3. William Dally. 2015. High-performance hardware for machine learning. Nips Tutorial 2 (2015), 3.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  4. Minh N Do and Martin Vetterli. 2005. The contourlet transform: an efficient directional multiresolution image representation. IEEE Transactions on image processing 14, 12 (2005), 2091–2106.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  5. Shi Guo, Zifei Yan, Kai Zhang, Wangmeng Zuo, and Lei Zhang. 2019. Toward convolutional blind denoising of real photographs. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 1712–1722.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  6. Kaiming He, Xiangyu Zhang, Shaoqing Ren, and Jian Sun. 2016. Deep residual learning for image recognition. In Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 770–778.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  7. Gao Huang, Zhuang Liu, Laurens Van Der Maaten, and Kilian Q Weinberger. 2017. Densely connected convolutional networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 4700–4708.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  8. Itay Hubara, Matthieu Courbariaux, Daniel Soudry, Ran El-Yaniv, and Yoshua Bengio. 2016. Binarized neural networks. Advances in neural information processing systems 29 (2016).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  9. Alex Krizhevsky, Ilya Sutskever, and Geoffrey E Hinton. 2012. Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. Advances in neural information processing systems 25 (2012).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  10. Qiufu Li, Linlin Shen, Sheng Guo, and Zhihui Lai. 2021. WaveCNet: Wavelet Integrated CNNs to Suppress Aliasing Effect for Noise-Robust Image Classification. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 30 (2021), 7074–7089.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarDigital LibraryDigital Library
  11. Wenshuo Li, Hanting Chen, Mingqiang Huang, Xinghao Chen, Chunjing Xu, and Yunhe Wang. 2021. Winograd Algorithm for AdderNet. In International Conference on Machine Learning. PMLR, 6307–6315.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  12. Xiaofan Lin, Cong Zhao, and Wei Pan. 2017. Towards accurate binary convolutional neural network. Advances in neural information processing systems 30 (2017).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  13. Pengju Liu, Hongzhi Zhang, Wei Lian, and Wangmeng Zuo. 2019. Multi-level wavelet convolutional neural networks. IEEE Access 7 (2019), 74973–74985.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  14. Harry Nyquist. 1928. Certain topics in telegraph transmission theory. Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers 47, 2 (1928), 617–644.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  15. Mónica Penedo, William A Pearlman, Pablo G Tahoces, Miguel Souto, and Juan J Vidal. 2003. Region-based wavelet coding methods for digital mammography. IEEE transactions on medical imaging 22, 10 (2003), 1288–1296.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  16. Mohammad Rastegari, Vicente Ordonez, Joseph Redmon, and Ali Farhadi. 2016. Xnor-net: Imagenet classification using binary convolutional neural networks. In European conference on computer vision. Springer, 525–542.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  17. Dongwei Ren, Wangmeng Zuo, Qinghua Hu, Pengfei Zhu, and Deyu Meng. 2019. Progressive image deraining networks: A better and simpler baseline. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. 3937–3946.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  18. Dehua Song, Yunhe Wang, Hanting Chen, Chang Xu, Chunjing Xu, and DaCheng Tao. 2021. Addersr: Towards energy efficient image super-resolution. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. 15648–15657.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  19. Dehua Song, Chang Xu, Xu Jia, Yiyi Chen, Chunjing Xu, and Yunhe Wang. 2020. Efficient residual dense block search for image super-resolution. In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 34. 12007–12014.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  20. Mingxing Tan and Quoc Le. 2019. Efficientnet: Rethinking model scaling for convolutional neural networks. In International conference on machine learning. PMLR, 6105–6114.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  21. Mingxing Tan, Ruoming Pang, and Quoc V Le. 2020. Efficientdet: Scalable and efficient object detection. In Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. 10781–10790.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  22. Andrew Tao, Karan Sapra, and Bryan Catanzaro. 2020. Hierarchical multi-scale attention for semantic segmentation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.10821 (2020).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  23. Yixing Xu, Chang Xu, Xinghao Chen, Wei Zhang, Chunjing Xu, and Yunhe Wang. 2020. Kernel based progressive distillation for adder neural networks. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 33 (2020), 12322–12333.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  24. Shanshan Zhao, Mingming Gong, Huan Fu, and Dacheng Tao. 2021. Adaptive context-aware multi-modal network for depth completion. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 30 (2021), 5264–5276.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  25. Xiangyu Zhao, Peng Huang, and Xiangbo Shu. 2022. Wavelet-Attention CNN for image classification. Multimedia Systems (2022), 1–10.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  26. Shuchang Zhou, Yuxin Wu, Zekun Ni, Xinyu Zhou, He Wen, and Yuheng Zou. 2016. Dorefa-net: Training low bitwidth convolutional neural networks with low bitwidth gradients. arXiv preprint arXiv:1606.06160 (2016).Google ScholarGoogle Scholar

Index Terms

  1. Adder Wavelet for Better Image Classification under Adder Neural Network

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Login options

    Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

    Sign in
    • Published in

      cover image ACM Other conferences
      CSAI '22: Proceedings of the 2022 6th International Conference on Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence
      December 2022
      341 pages
      ISBN:9781450397773
      DOI:10.1145/3577530

      Copyright © 2022 ACM

      Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

      Publisher

      Association for Computing Machinery

      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      • Published: 30 March 2023

      Permissions

      Request permissions about this article.

      Request Permissions

      Check for updates

      Qualifiers

      • research-article
      • Research
      • Refereed limited
    • Article Metrics

      • Downloads (Last 12 months)36
      • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)1

      Other Metrics

    PDF Format

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    HTML Format

    View this article in HTML Format .

    View HTML Format