Aris Leivadeas
ABSTRACT
Cloud Computing has revolutionized the information technology world and the application offering over the last two decades. At the same time recent trends in Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software-Defined Wide Area Networks (SD-WAN) and the combination of those with the Cloud paradigm has allowed an unprecedented shift of enterprise networking services towards the Public Cloud. Even though this network evolutionary approach brings many benefits, it still presents many drawbacks as well. The performance stability and service continuity over a black box Public Cloud infrastructure can hinder the formal service guarantees that many new emerging applications may have. To this end, in this paper, we aim to shed light on the overall performance achieved when deploying coast-to-coast and intercontinental Service Function Chains (SFCs) that interconnect geographically distributed enterprise branches over the Amazon Web Services (AWS) infrastructure. In particular, we investigate the impact of region, Virtual Machine (VM) instance, time of the day and day of the week in the overall throughput and delay attained. The obtained results show the strengths and weaknesses of entirely relying on the AWS infrastructure to offer networking services by investigating possible hidden performance bottlenecks.
- AWS. 2022. Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC). https://aws.amazon.com/vpc/.Google Scholar
- AWS. 2022. Amazon VPC FAQs. https://aws.amazon.com/vpc/faqs/.Google Scholar
- AWS. 2022. AWS Pricing Calculator. https://calculator.aws/#/.Google Scholar
- AWS. 2022. AWS Transit Gateway. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/tgw/what-is-transit-gateway.html.Google Scholar
- AWS. 2022. AWS Transit Gateway Pricing. https://aws.amazon.com/transit-gateway/pricing/.Google Scholar
- AWS. 2022. Global Infrastructure. https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/global-infrastructure/.Google Scholar
- AWS. 2022. Quotas for your transit gateways. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/tgw/transit-gateway-quotas.html.Google Scholar
- Asma Ben Hamed, Aris Leivadeas, Matthias Falkner, and Nikolai Pitaev. 2020. VNF Chaining Performance Characterization under Multi-Feature and Over-subscription Using SR-IOV. Informatics 7, 3 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics7030033Google ScholarCross Ref
- S. Bradner and J. McQuaid. 1999. RFC2544: Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect Devices.Google Scholar
- Cisco. 2020. Cisco Cloud Services Router 1000v Data Sheet. https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/products/collateral/routers/cloud-services-router-1000v-series/data_sheet-c78--733443.html.Google Scholar
- Cisco. 2022. Cisco SD-WAN Getting Started Guide. https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/routers/sdwan/configuration/sdwan-xe-gs-book/system-overview.html.Google Scholar
- Matthias Falkner, Aris Leivadeas, Ioannis Lambadaris, and George Kesidis. 2016. Performance analysis of virtualized network functions on virtualized systems architectures. In 2016 IEEE 21st International Workshop on Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD). 71--76. https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2016.7790333Google ScholarCross Ref
- Marco Forconesi, Gustavo Sutter, Sergio Lopez-Buedo, Jorge E. Lopez de Vergara, and Javier Aracil. 2014. Bridging the gap between hardware and software open source network developments. IEEE Network 28, 5 (2014), 13--19. https://doi.org/10.1109/MNET.2014.6915434Google ScholarCross Ref
- Anshul Gandhi and Justin Chan. 2015. Analyzing the Network for AWS Distributed Cloud Computing. SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev. 43, 3 (nov 2015), 12--15. https://doi.org/10.1145/2847220.2847224Google ScholarDigital Library
- José Luis García-Dorado and Sanjay G. Rao. 2019. Cost-aware Multi Data-Center Bulk Transfers in the Cloud from a Customer-Side Perspective. IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing 7, 1 (2019), 34--47. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCC.2015.2469666Google ScholarCross Ref
- Nadir Ghrada, Mohamed Faten Zhani, and Yehia Elkhatib. 2018. Price and Performance of Cloud-hosted Virtual Network Functions: Analysis and Future Challenges. In 2018 4th IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization and Workshops (NetSoft). 482--487. https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2018.8460032Google ScholarCross Ref
- Mohammad Hajjat, Ruiqi Liu, Yiyang Chang, T. S. Eugene Ng, and Sanjay Rao. 2015. Application-specific configuration selection in the cloud: Impact of provider policy and potential of systematic testing. In 2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications (INFOCOM). 873--881. https://doi.org/10.1109/INFOCOM.2015.7218458Google ScholarCross Ref
- Hashicorp. 2022. Terraform. https://www.terraform.io/.Google Scholar
- Vinod Kataria and Sreekanth Krishnavajjala. 2020. Scaling VPN throughput using AWS Transit Gateway. https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/networking-and-content-delivery/scaling-vpn-throughput-using-aws-transit-gateway/.Google Scholar
- A. Leivadeas. 2022. AWS Terraform Configuration. https://github.com/arisleiv/AWS_Terraform.Google Scholar
- Aris Leivadeas, Matthias Falkner, Ioannis Lambadaris, and George Kesidis. 2016. Dynamic traffic steering of multi-tenant virtualized network functions in SDN enabled data centers. In 2016 IEEE 21st International Workshop on Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD). 65--70. https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2016.7790332Google ScholarCross Ref
- Aris Leivadeas, Matthias Falkner, Ioannis Lambadaris, and George Kesidis. 2017. Optimal virtualized network function allocation for an SDN enabled cloud. Computer Standards & Interfaces 54 (2017), 266--278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csi.2017.01.001 SI: Standardization SDN&NFV.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ang Li, Xiaowei Yang, Srikanth Kandula, and Ming Zhang. 2010. CloudCmp: Comparing Public Cloud Providers. In Proceedings of the 10th ACM SIGCOMM Conference on Internet Measurement (Melbourne, Australia) (IMC '10). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1--14. https://doi.org/10.1145/1879141.1879143Google ScholarDigital Library
- Rashid Mijumbi, Joan Serrat, Juan-Luis Gorricho, Niels Bouten, Filip De Turck, and Raouf Boutaba. 2016. Network Function Virtualization: State-of-the-Art and Research Challenges. IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials 18, 1 (2016), 236--262. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2015.2477041Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Morton. 2013. RFC6895: IMIX Genome: Specification of Variable Packet Sizes for Additional Testing.Google Scholar
- Fabio Palumbo, Giuseppe Aceto, Alessio Botta, Domenico Ciuonzo, Valerio Persico, and Antonio Pescapé. 2021. Characterization and analysis of cloud-to-user latency: The case of Azure and AWS. Computer Networks 184 (2021), 107693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2020.107693Google ScholarCross Ref
- Valerio Persico, Alessio Botta, Pietro Marchetta, Antonio Montieri, and Antonio Pescap. 2017. On the Performance of the Wide-Area Networks Interconnecting Public-Cloud Datacenters around the Globe. Comput. Netw. 112, C (jan 2017), 67--83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2016.10.013Google ScholarDigital Library
- Nikolai Pitaev, Matthias Falkner, Aris Leivadeas, and Ioannis Lambadaris. 2018. Characterizing the Performance of Concurrent Virtualized Network Functions with OVS-DPDK, FD.IO VPP and SR-IOV. In Proceedings of the 2018 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering (Berlin, Germany) (ICPE '18). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 285--292. https://doi.org/10.1145/3184407.3184437Google ScholarDigital Library
- Jörg Schad, Jens Dittrich, and Jorge-Arnulfo Quiané-Ruiz. 2010. Runtime Measurements in the Cloud: Observing, Analyzing, and Reducing Variance. Proc. VLDB Endow. 3, 1--2 (sep 2010), 460--471. https://doi.org/10.14778/1920841.1920902Google ScholarDigital Library
- Francesco Spinelli, Luigi Iannone, and Jerome Tollet. 2019. Chaining your Virtual Private Clouds with Segment Routing. In IEEE INFOCOM 2019 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS). 1027--1028. https://doi.org/10.1109/INFCOMW.2019.8845113Google ScholarCross Ref
- Spirent. 2022. Cloud Testing. https://www.spirent.com/products/cloud-infrastructure-test.Google Scholar
- L. S. Vailshery. 2022. Current enterprise public cloud adoption worldwide from 2017 to 2020. https://www.statista.com/statistics/511508/worldwide-survey-public-coud-services-running-applications-enterprises/.Google Scholar
- Verizon. 2022. IP Latency Statistics. https://www.verizon.com/business/terms/latency/.Google Scholar
- Zhenjie Yang, Yong Cui, Baochun Li, Yadong Liu, and Yi Xu. 2019. Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN): Architecture, Advances and Opportunities. In 2019 28th International Conference on Computer Communication and Networks (ICCCN). 1--9. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN.2019.8847124Google ScholarCross Ref
- Bahador Yeganeh, Ramakrishnan Durairajan, Reza Rejaie, and Walter Willinger. 2020. A First Comparative Characterization of Multi-cloud Connectivity in Today's Internet. In Passive and Active Measurement, Anna Sperotto, Alberto Dainotti, and Burkhard Stiller (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 193--210.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Analyzing the Performance of SD-WAN Enabled Service Function Chains Across the Globe with AWS
Recommendations
Characterizing the Performance of Concurrent Virtualized Network Functions with OVS-DPDK, FD.IO VPP and SR-IOV
ICPE '18: Proceedings of the 2018 ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance EngineeringThe virtualization of network functions is promising significant cost reductions for network operators. Running multiple network functions on a standard x86 server instead of dedicated appliances can increase the utilization of the underlying hardware,...
Logically isolated group network for virtual convergence environment over SD-WAN
Software-defined wide-area network (SD-WAN) is gaining strong momentum as distributed cloud evolves. The new cloud infrastructure requires novel and innovative network technologies based on virtualization, automated resource (e.g., datacenters, VMs, ...
Optimal virtualized network function allocation for an SDN enabled cloud
Enterprise and Service Provider networks are increasingly making use of Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs) to reap the benefits of reduced Capital expenditures (CAPEX) and Operating expenses (OPEX). Total cost of ownership calculations however are ...
Comments