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Autistic Spectrum Disorders Diagnose with Graph Neural Networks

Published: 27 October 2023 Publication History

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that affects socialization and is characterized by abnormal, restricted, or repetitive language behaviors. Symptoms typically start to appear around the age of 2, making early diagnosis essential for treatment. One standardized screening method is an autism-specific interview with children's parents. However, this diagnostic process requires highly experienced physicians, making questionnaire-based screening less effective. Recently, imaging-based diagnosis has emerged as a more objective option. In this paper, we propose a graph neural network-based model for ASD diagnosis using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data. We first calculate the correlations of 90 brain regions based on the automated anatomical labeling (AAL) template using brain imaging data of DTI and fMRI. This enables the construction of a comprehensive network map that delineates the interconnections among various brain regions. Subsequently, we propose to utilize a graph neural network for the purpose of diagnosing ASD, wherein the graph derived from DTI serves as the adjacency matrix, while the map of the fMRI is utilized as the node features. To improve the performance of diagnosis, we introduce a regularization of maximum inter-class graph distance and minimum intra-class graph distance, in addition to graph classification. We then calculate the correlation matrix between functional areas based on the obtained 90 implicit features corresponding to the nodes of functional areas and their 90 eigenvalues. We also perform hypothesis tests on the 90 eigenvalues corresponding to ASD negative and positive groups in turn to discover the pathogenic functional areas by comparing the eigenvalue distributions between the two groups. Our experiments on 138 real-world samples demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed model for diagnosis.

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  • (2024)Inter-intra High-Order Brain Network for ASD Diagnosis via Functional MRIsMedical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 202410.1007/978-3-031-72069-7_21(216-226)Online publication date: 4-Oct-2024

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    cover image ACM Conferences
    MM '23: Proceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Multimedia
    October 2023
    9913 pages
    ISBN:9798400701085
    DOI:10.1145/3581783
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

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    Published: 27 October 2023

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    Author Tags

    1. autism spectrum disorder
    2. graph classification
    3. graph neural networks

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    MM '23: The 31st ACM International Conference on Multimedia
    October 29 - November 3, 2023
    Ottawa ON, Canada

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    • (2024)Inter-intra High-Order Brain Network for ASD Diagnosis via Functional MRIsMedical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 202410.1007/978-3-031-72069-7_21(216-226)Online publication date: 4-Oct-2024

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