skip to main content
10.1145/3592473.3592563acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesmmsysConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Cross that boundary: Investigating the feasibility of cross-layer information sharing for enhancing ABR decision logic over QUIC

Published: 07 June 2023 Publication History

Abstract

With HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS), client-side Adaptive Bitrate (ABR) algorithms drive the (quality-variant) scheduling and downloading of media segments. These ABR algorithms are implemented in the application layer and can therefore base their logic only on relatively coarse and/or inaccurate application-layer metrics. The recently standardized QUIC transport protocol has many userspace implementations, which paves the way for cross-layer optimizations by exposing transport-layer metrics to application-layer algorithms. In this paper, we investigate whether the availability of fine-grained transport-level throughput metrics can positively impact the operation of ABR algorithms and hence the Quality of Experience (QoE) of HAS users in Video on Demand (VoD) settings. Our results show that QUIC-level throughput data can indeed aid ABR algorithms to more accurately predict playout buffer under-runs, which in turn allows the ABR logic to take reactive measures in a timely fashion such that playback stalls can be avoided under challenging network conditions. Overall, our work presents a step towards improving ABR operation via cross-layer data exchange.

References

[1]
2023. Active QUIC implementations. https://github.com/quicwg/base-drafts/wiki/Implementations.
[2]
2023. dash.js: A reference client implementation for the playback of MPEG DASH via Javascript and compliant browsers. https://github.com/Dash-Industry-Forum/dash.js.
[3]
2023. quic-go: A QUIC implementation in pure go. https://github.com/quic-go/quic-go.
[4]
2023. quic-go: UDP receive buffer size recommendations. https://github.com/quic-go/quic-go/wiki/UDP-Receive-Buffer-Size.
[5]
Saamer Akhshabi, Lakshmi Anantakrishnan, Ali C. Begen, and Constantine Dovrolis. 2012. What Happens When HTTP Adaptive Streaming Players Compete for Bandwidth?. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video (Toronto, Ontario, Canada) (NOSSDAV '12). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 9--14.
[6]
Abdelhak Bentaleb, Bayan Taani, Ali C. Begen, Christian Timmerer, and Roger Zimmermann. 2019. A Survey on Bitrate Adaptation Schemes for Streaming Media Over HTTP. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 21, 1 (2019), 562--585.
[7]
Divyashri Bhat, Amr Rizk, and Michael Zink. 2017. Not so QUIC: A Performance Study of DASH over QUIC. In Proceedings of the 27th Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video (Taipei, Taiwan) (NOSSDAV'17). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 13--18.
[8]
Mike Bishop. 2022. HTTP/3. RFC 9114. Internet Engineering Task Force.
[9]
Neal Cardwell, Yuchung Cheng, C. Stephen Gunn, Soheil Hassas Yeganeh, and Van Jacobson. 2017. BBR: Congestion-Based Congestion Control. Commun. ACM 60, 2 (jan 2017), 58--66.
[10]
Bo Fu, Yang Xiao, Hongmei Deng, and Hui Zeng. 2014. A Survey of Cross-Layer Designs in Wireless Networks. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 16, 1 (2014), 110--126.
[11]
Joris Herbots, Mike Vandersanden, Wim Lamotte, and Peter Quax. 2023. Vegvisir: A testing framework for HTTP/3 media streaming. In Proceedings of the 14th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (Vancouver, BC, Canada) (MMSys '23). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 7 pages.
[12]
Te-Yuan Huang, Nikhil Handigol, Brandon Heller, Nick McKeown, and Ramesh Johari. 2012. Confused, Timid, and Unstable: Picking a Video Streaming Rate is Hard (IMC '12). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 225--238.
[13]
Te-Yuan Huang, Ramesh Johari, Nick McKeown, Matthew Trunnell, and Mark Watson. 2014. A Buffer-Based Approach to Rate Adaptation: Evidence from a Large Video Streaming Service. In Proceedings of the 2014 ACM Conference on SIGCOMM (Chicago, Illinois, USA) (SIGCOMM '14). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 187--198.
[14]
Jana Iyengar and Martin Thomson. 2021. QUIC: A UDP-Based Multiplexed and Secure Transport. RFC 9000. Internet Engineering Task Force.
[15]
Stefan Lederer, Christopher Müller, and Christian Timmerer. 2012. Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP Dataset. In Proceedings of the 3rd Multimedia Systems Conference (Chapel Hill, North Carolina) (MMSys '12). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 89--94.
[16]
Daniele Lorenzi, Minh Nguyen, Farzad Tashtarian, Simone Milani, Hermann Hellwagner, and Christian Timmerer. 2021. Days of Future Past: An Optimization-Based Adaptive Bitrate Algorithm over HTTP/3 (EPIQ '21). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 8--14.
[17]
Robin Marx, Joris Herbots, Wim Lamotte, and Peter Quax. 2020. Same Standards, Different Decisions: A Study of QUIC and HTTP/3 Implementation Diversity. In Proceedings of the Workshop on the Evolution, Performance, and Interoperability of QUIC (Virtual Event, USA) (EPIQ '20). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 14--20.
[18]
Robin Marx, Luca Niccolini, Marten Seemann, and Lucas Pardue. 2023. Main logging schema for qlog. Internet-Draft draft-ietf-quic-qlog-main-schema-05. Internet Engineering Task Force.
[19]
Hyunwoo Nam, Kyung-Hwa Kim, and Henning Schulzrinne. 2016. QoE matters more than QoS: Why people stop watching cat videos. In IEEE INFOCOM 2016 - The 35th Annual IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. IEEE, San Francisco, CA, USA, 1--9.
[20]
Mirko Palmer, Malte Appel, Kevin Spiteri, Balakrishnan Chandrasekaran, Anja Feldmann, and Ramesh K. Sitaraman. 2021. VOXEL: Cross-Layer Optimization for Video Streaming with Imperfect Transmission. In Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Emerging Networking EXperiments and Technologies (Virtual Event, Germany) (CoNEXT '21). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 359--374.
[21]
Tommy Pauly, Eric Kinnear, and David Schinazi. 2022. An Unreliable Datagram Extension to QUIC. RFC 9221. Internet Engineering Task Force.
[22]
Esa Piri, Tiia Sutinen, and Janne Vehkaperä. 2009. Cross-layer architecture for adaptive real-time multimedia in heterogeneous network environment. In 2009 European Wireless Conference. 293--297.
[23]
Esa Piri, Mikko Uitto, Janne Vehkaperä, and Tiia Sutinen. 2010. Dynamic Cross-Layer Adaptation of Scalable Video in Wireless Networking. In 2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM 2010. IEEE, Miami, FL, USA, 1--5.
[24]
Alexander Raake, Marie-Neige Garcia, Werner Robitza, Peter List, Steve Göring, and Bernhard Feiten. 2017. A bitstream-based, scalable video-quality model for HTTP adaptive streaming: ITU-T P.1203.1. In Ninth International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX). IEEE, Erfurt.
[25]
Darijo Raca, Maelle Manifacier, and Jason J. Quinlan. 2022. goDASH - GO accelerated HAS framework for rapid prototyping. In 2th International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX). IEEE, Athlone, Ireland.
[26]
Werner Robitza, Steve Göring, Alexander Raake, David Lindegren, Gunnar Heikkilä, Jörgen Gustafsson, Peter List, Bernhard Feiten, Ulf Wüstenhagen, Marie-Neige Garcia, Kazuhisa Yamagishi, and Simon Broom. 2018. HTTP Adaptive Streaming QoE Estimation with ITU-T Rec. P.1203 - Open Databases and Software. In 9th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference. Amsterdam.
[27]
SANDVINE. 2023. 2023 Global Internet Phenomena Report. Technical Report.
[28]
Kevin Spiteri, Rahul Urgaonkar, and Ramesh K. Sitaraman. 2016. BOLA: Near-optimal bitrate adaptation for online videos. In IEEE INFOCOM 2016 - The 35th Annual IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. IEEE, San Francisco, CA, USA, 1--9.
[29]
Bi Xixi, Qin Zhiliang, and Ma Ruofei. 2022. Cross-Layer Joint Scheduling for D2D Communication in Cellular Systems. In 6GN for Future Wireless Networks, Shuo Shi, Ruofei Ma, and Weidang Lu (Eds.). Springer, Cham, Huizhou, China, 130--144.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Rate Adaptation Technique for Media Streaming Over QUIC With Limited BackhaulIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2024.346646812(139028-139041)Online publication date: 2024

Index Terms

  1. Cross that boundary: Investigating the feasibility of cross-layer information sharing for enhancing ABR decision logic over QUIC

        Recommendations

        Comments

        Information & Contributors

        Information

        Published In

        cover image ACM Conferences
        NOSSDAV '23: Proceedings of the 33rd Workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video
        June 2023
        77 pages
        ISBN:9798400701849
        DOI:10.1145/3592473
        Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

        Sponsors

        In-Cooperation

        Publisher

        Association for Computing Machinery

        New York, NY, United States

        Publication History

        Published: 07 June 2023

        Permissions

        Request permissions for this article.

        Check for updates

        Author Tags

        1. MPEG-DASH
        2. HAS
        3. QoE
        4. playback stall prediction

        Qualifiers

        • Research-article

        Funding Sources

        • Hasselt University BOF
        • HORIZON EUROPE

        Conference

        NOSSDAV '23
        Sponsor:

        Acceptance Rates

        Overall Acceptance Rate 118 of 363 submissions, 33%

        Contributors

        Other Metrics

        Bibliometrics & Citations

        Bibliometrics

        Article Metrics

        • Downloads (Last 12 months)119
        • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)6
        Reflects downloads up to 20 Feb 2025

        Other Metrics

        Citations

        Cited By

        View all
        • (2024)Rate Adaptation Technique for Media Streaming Over QUIC With Limited BackhaulIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2024.346646812(139028-139041)Online publication date: 2024

        View Options

        Login options

        View options

        PDF

        View or Download as a PDF file.

        PDF

        eReader

        View online with eReader.

        eReader

        Figures

        Tables

        Media

        Share

        Share

        Share this Publication link

        Share on social media