Adnan Mahmood
Quan Z. Sheng
Abstract
Recent considerable state-of-the-art advancements within the automotive sector, coupled with an evolution of the promising paradigms of vehicle-to-everything communication and the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), have facilitated vehicles to generate and, accordingly, disseminate an enormous amount of safety-critical and non-safety infotainment data in a bid to guarantee a highly safe, convenient, and congestion-aware road transport. These dynamic networks require intelligent security measures to ensure that the malicious messages, along with the vehicles that disseminate them, are identified and subsequently eliminated in a timely manner so that they are not in a position to harm other vehicles. Failing to do so could jeopardize the entire network, leading to fatalities and injuries amongst road users. Several researchers, over the years, have envisaged conventional cryptographic-based solutions employing certificates and the public key infrastructure for enhancing the security of vehicular networks. Nevertheless, cryptographic-based solutions are not optimum for an IoV network primarily, since the cryptographic schemes could be susceptible to compromised trust authorities and insider attacks that are highly deceptive in nature and cannot be noticed immediately and are, therefore, capable of causing catastrophic damage. Accordingly, in this article, a distributed trust management system has been proposed that ascertains the trust of all the reputation segments within an IoV network. The envisaged system takes into consideration the salient characteristics of familiarity, i.e., assessed via a subjective logic approach, similarity, and timeliness to ascertain the weights of all the reputation segments. Furthermore, an intelligent trust threshold mechanism has been developed for the identification and eviction of the misbehaving vehicles. The experimental results suggest the advantages of our proposed IoV-based trust management system in terms of optimizing the misbehavior detection and its resilience to various sorts of attacks.
- [1] . 2019. Global roaming trust-based model for V2X Communications. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS’19). IEEE, 1–6.Google Scholar
- [2] . 2020. Recommendation-based trust model for vehicle-to-everything (V2X). IEEE IoT J. 7, 1 (2020), 440–450.Google Scholar
- [3] . 2020. A survey on the internet of vehicles: Network architectures and applications. IEEE Commun. Stand. Mag. 4, 1 (2020), 34–41.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [4] . 2016. Defense for selective attacks in the IoT with a distributed trust management scheme. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics (ISCE’16). IEEE, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 53–54.Google Scholar
- [5] . 2019. TACASHI: Trust-aware communication architecture for social internet of vehicles. IEEE IoT J. 6, 4 (2019), 5870–5877.Google Scholar
- [6] . 2015. Toward a testbed for evaluating computational trust models: Experiments and analysis. J. Trust Manage. 2, 1 (2015), 8.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [7] . 2014. Dynamic hierarchical trust management of mobile groups and its application to misbehaving node detection. In Proceedings of the IEEE 28th International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications. IEEE, 49–56.Google ScholarDigital Library
- [8] . 2019. Real-time trust-building schemes for mitigating malicious behaviors in connected & automated vehicles. In Proceedings of the IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC’19). IEEE, 1142–1149.Google Scholar
- [9] . 2020. Design and evaluation of a novel hierarchical trust assessment approach for vehicular networks. Vehic. Commun. 24 (2020), 100227.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [10] . 2019. On the design, development, and implementation of trust evaluation mechanism in vehicular networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE/ACS 16th International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications (AICCSA’19). IEEE, 1–7.Google Scholar
- [11] . 2020. MARINE: Man-in-the-middle attack resistant trust model in connected vehicles. IEEE IoT J. 7, 4 (2020), 3310–3322.Google Scholar
- [12] . 2021. NOTRINO: A NOvel hybrid TRust management scheme for INternet-Of-vehicles. IEEE Trans. Vehic. Technol. 70, 9 (2021), 9244–9257.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [13] . 2018. TEAM: A trust evaluation and management framework in context-enabled vehicular ad-hoc networks. IEEE Access 6 (2018), 28643–28660.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [14] . 2020. Toward a dempster-shafer theory of concepts. Int. J. Approx. Reas. 125 (2020), 14–25.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [15] . 2017. Trust on the Ratee: A trust management system for social internet of vehicles. Wireless Commun. Mobile Comput. 2017 (2017), 11 Pages.Google ScholarDigital Library
- [16] . 2019. IPS: Incentive and punishment scheme for omitting selfishness in the internet of vehicles (IoV). IEEE Access 7 (2019), 109026–109037.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [17] . 2021. Efficient and secure routing protocol based on artificial intelligence algorithms with UAV-assisted for vehicular ad hoc networks in intelligent transportation systems. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst. 22, 7 (2021), 4757–4769.Google ScholarDigital Library
- [18] . 2019. Trust model for secure group leader-based communications in VANET. Wireless Netw. 25, 8 (2019), 4639–4661.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [19] . 2020. MobileTrust: Secure knowledge integration in VANETs. ACM Trans. Cyber-Phys. Syst. 4, 3, Article
33 (March 2020), 25 pages.Google ScholarDigital Library - [20] . 2022. A survey of trust management in the internet of vehicles. Comput. Netw. 203 (2022), 108558.Google ScholarDigital Library
- [21] . 2009. A survey of attack and defense techniques for reputation systems. Comput. Surv. 42, 1, Article
1 (December 2009), 31 pages.Google ScholarDigital Library - [22] . 2022. A hybrid approach to the trust node assessment and management for VANETs cooperative data communication: Historical interaction perspective. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst. 23, 9 (2022), 16504–16513.Google ScholarDigital Library
- [23] . 2020. SSL-SVD: Semi-supervised learning–based sparse trust recommendation. ACM Trans. Internet Technol. 20, 1, Article
4 (January 2020), 20 pages.Google ScholarDigital Library - [24] . 2017. Distributed reputation management for secure and efficient vehicular edge computing and networks. IEEE Access 5 (2017), 25408–25420.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [25] . 2020. A novel light-weight subjective trust inference framework in MANETs. IEEE Trans. Sust. Comput. 5, 2 (2020), 236–248.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [26] . 2019. The influence of trust score on cooperative behavior. ACM Trans. Internet Technol. 19, 4, Article
46 (September 2019), 22 pages.Google ScholarDigital Library - [27] . 2019. Trust management in social internet of vehicles: Factors, challenges, blockchain, and fog solutions. Int. J. Distrib. Sens. Netw. 15, 1 (2019), 22 Pages.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [28] . 2019. Security in vehicles with IoT by prioritization rules, vehicle certificates, and trust management. IEEE IoT J. 6, 4 (2019), 5927–5934.Google Scholar
- [29] . 2020. Discrimination-aware trust management for social internet of things. Comput. Netw. 178 (2020), 107254.Google ScholarDigital Library
- [30] . 2019. TMEC: A trust management based on evidence combination on attack-resistant and collaborative internet of vehicles. IEEE Access 7 (2019), 148913–148922.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [31] . 2020. Trust based secure content delivery in vehicular networks: A bargaining game theoretical approach. IEEE Trans. Vehic. Technol. 69, 3 (2020), 3267–3279.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [32] . 2011. A survey on trust management for mobile ad hoc networks. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 13, 4 (2011), 562–583.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [33] . 2020. AATMS: An anti-attack trust management scheme in VANET. IEEE Access 8 (2020), 21077–21090.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [34] . 2001. A logic for uncertain probabilities. Int. J. Uncert. Fuzz. Knowl.-Bas. Syst. 9, 3 (2001), 279–311.Google ScholarDigital Library
- [35] . 2020. A survey on intersection management of connected autonomous vehicles. ACM Trans. Cyber-Phys. Syst. 4, 4, Article
48 (August 2020), 27 pages.Google ScholarDigital Library - [36] . 2017. A secure mechanism for big data collection in large scale internet of vehicle. IEEE IoT J. 4, 2 (2017), 601–610.Google Scholar
- [37] . 2021. When trust meets the internet of vehicles: Opportunities, challenges, and future prospects. In Proceedings of the IEEE 7th International Conference on Collaboration and Internet Computing (CIC’21). IEEE, 60–67.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [38] . 2022. Trust on wheels: Towards secure and resource efficient IoV networks. Computing 104, 6 (2022), 1337–1358.Google ScholarDigital Library
- [39] . 2019. Software-defined heterogeneous vehicular networking: The architectural design and open challenges. Fut. Internet 11, 3 (2019), 70.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [40] . 2019. Trust Management for Software-Defined Heterogeneous Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 203–226.Google Scholar
- [41] . 2022. A hybrid optimization with ensemble learning to ensure VANET network stability based on performance analysis. Sci. Rep. (Nat. Portfol.) 12, 1 (2022), 10287.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [42] . 2019. Trust prediction via matrix factorisation. ACM Trans. Internet Technol. 19, 4, Article
44 (September 2019), 20 pages.Google ScholarDigital Library - [43] . 2022. A trust change detection mechanism in mobile ad-hoc networks. Comput. Commun. 187 (2022), 155–163.Google ScholarDigital Library
- [44] . 2017. From personal experience to global reputation for trust evaluation in the social internet of things. In Proceedings of the IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM’17). IEEE, 1–7.Google Scholar
- [45] . 2020. Why is internet of autonomous vehicles not as plug and play as we think? Lessons to be learnt from present internet and future directions. IEEE Access 8 (2020), 133015–133033.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [46] . 2021. Trust in VANET: A survey of current solutions and future research opportunities. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst. 22, 5 (2021), 2553–2571.Google ScholarDigital Library
- [47] . 2021. A survey of trust management in the internet of vehicles. Electronics 10, 18 (2021), 2223.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [48] . 2019. Vehicle-to-pedestrian communication for vulnerable road users: Survey, design considerations, and challenges. Sensors 19, 2 (2019), 358.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [49] . 2013. A survey on attacks, security, and trust management solutions in VANETs. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing, Communications, and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT’13). IEEE, 1–6.Google Scholar
- [50] . 2019. Decentralized trust evaluation in vehicular internet of things. IEEE Access 7 (2019), 15980–15988.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [51] . 2022. Collaborative learning based sybil attack detection in vehicular AD-HOC networks (VANETS). Sensors 22, 18 (
September 2022), 6934.Google ScholarCross Ref - [52] . 2020. Machine learning and reputation based misbehavior detection in the vehicular communication networks. IEEE Trans. Vehic. Technol. 69, 8 (2020), 8871–8885.Google ScholarCross Ref
- [53] . 2019. Computer Organization and Architecture—Designing for Performance (11th ed.). Pearson Education, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.Google Scholar
- [54] . 2017. Incentive mechanisms for data dissemination in autonomous mobile social networks. IEEE Trans. Mobile Comput. 16, 11 (2017), 3084–3099.Google ScholarDigital Library
- [55] . 2016. RPRep: A robust & privacy-preserving reputation management scheme for pseudonym-enabled VANETs. Int. J. Distrib. Sens. Netw. 12, 3 (2016), 6138251.Google ScholarDigital Library
- [56] Sahraoui Dhelim, Nyothiri Aung, Mohand Tahar Kechadi, Huansheng Ning, Liming Chen, and Abderrahmane Lakas. 2023. Trust2Vec: Large-scale IoT trust management system based on signed network embeddings. IEEE Internet of Things Journal 10, 1 (2023), 553–562.Google Scholar
- [57] . 2019. A RSU-aided distributed trust framework for pseudonym-enabled privacy preservation in VANETs. Wireless Netw. 25, 3 (2019), 1099–1115.Google ScholarDigital Library
- [58] . 2021. A secure and efficient authentication scheme in the internet of vehicle communication. Pers. Ubiq. Comput. (2021).Google ScholarDigital Library
- [59] . 2009. A novel reputation computation model based on subjective logic for mobile Ad Hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Network and System Security. IEEE, 294–301.Google Scholar
- [60] . 2020. Time-aware smart object recommendation in social internet of things. IEEE IoT J. 7, 3 (2020), 2014–2027.Google Scholar
- [61] . 2021. Blockchain-based trust management for internet of vehicles. IEEE Trans. Emerg. Top. Comput. 9, 3 (2021), 1397–1409.Google ScholarCross Ref
Index Terms
- Toward a Distributed Trust Management System for Misbehavior Detection in the Internet of Vehicles
Recommendations
A Trust Management Model for Internet of Vehicles
ICCSP 2020: Proceedings of the 2020 4th International Conference on Cryptography, Security and PrivacyWith the continuous development of automatic driving technology, the application scenarios of Internet of Vehicles are more and more abundant, but it also faces more and more security threats. The problem that the identity of the vehicle is real but ...
Internet of Vehicles Based Approach for Road Safety Applications Using Sensor Technologies
In this paper, the Internet of Vehicles approach is used to develop a novel low cost sensor based system for road safety applications in intelligent transportation systems. It was found that major hazards that compromise road safety include weather ...
Toward Cognitive Vehicles
As a result of more cars on the road, traffic becomes more congested and streets become more risky. In addition, new communication and entertainment applications make drivers ever-more over-burdened and distracted. To relieve the continually increasing ...
Comments