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Towards a Dynamic Fresnel Zone Model to WiFi-based Human Activity Recognition

Published: 12 June 2023 Publication History

Abstract

The passive WiFi sensing research has largely centered on activity sensing using fixed-location WiFi transceivers, leading to the development of several theoretical models that aim to map received WiFi signals to human activity. Of these models, the Fresnel zone model has shown to be particularly noteworthy. However, the growing popularity of mobile WiFi receivers has not been matched by corresponding research on mobile receiver-based theoretical models. This paper fills this gap by presenting the first theoretical model to quantify the impact of moving a moving receiver for WiFi sensing. We propose a novel dynamic Fresnel zone model in the free space of an indoor environment, which takes the form of a cluster of concentric hyperbolas centered on the transmitter and reflection subject. We examine three properties of this model, i.e., relating the variation in RF signals received by the receiver to the position and orientation of the human, the movement of the receiver, and the presence of other objects in the environment. To validate this model, we develop a prototype system and conduct extensive experiments. The results are consistent with our theoretical analysis, and the system is able to detect the direction of the transmitter with an accuracy of 10° or better, measure the receiver's relative motion displacement within 1 cm a millimeter-level accuracy, and classify five receiver-side activities with an accuracy of 98%. Our work moves a significant step forward in WiFi sensing and may potentially open up new avenues for future research.

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cover image Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies
Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies  Volume 7, Issue 2
June 2023
969 pages
EISSN:2474-9567
DOI:10.1145/3604631
Issue’s Table of Contents
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

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Published: 12 June 2023
Published in IMWUT Volume 7, Issue 2

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Author Tags

  1. Channel state information
  2. Dynamic Fresnel Zone Model
  3. Mobile Receiver
  4. Wireless sensing

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  • Research
  • Refereed

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  • the National Natural Science Foundation of China
  • the National Natural Science Foundation of China A3 Foresight Program
  • the Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • the Beijing Nova Program
  • the Beijing Natural Science Foundation
  • the PKU-NTU Collaboration Project

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  • (2024)NetDiffusion: Network Data Augmentation Through Protocol-Constrained Traffic GenerationProceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems10.1145/36390378:1(1-32)Online publication date: 21-Feb-2024
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