Ching-Nung Yang
ABSTRACT
Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan
Smart healthcare, based on new information technology (such as IoT, AI, cloud computing), makes healthcare more intelligent, efficient and convenient. To integrate these ICT technologies and various data sources together, the fast healthcare interoperability resources (FHIR) defines an interoperability standard that different healthcare systems can exchange data with differing systems. Recently, more and more countries adopt FHIR for medical data exchange across various medical institutions, e.g., clinics, primary care physician, insurance company, hospital, etc. Overall, FHIR is suitably used for variety of medical applications. However, FHIR does not mandate using a single solution for security and privacy. In this paper, we use (F)HIR and (E)thereum smart contract to ensure data Integrity in (E)MR (FEE). In the proposed FEE, the hash value of EMR data is uploaded on blockchain. Whenever the medical records are modified and updated, the new hash value on blockchain will be refreshed to prevent malicious modification and tampering. Meantime, in the FEE, we also adopt blockchain enabled non-fungible token (NFT) for user authentication. All the login records and authentication results are also stored on blockchain, and thus malicious logins can be backward traced.
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Index Terms
- Ensuring FHIR Authentication and Data Integrity by Smart Contract and Blockchain Enabled NFT
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