Lin Zhang
ABSTRACT
At present, the direct current (DC) micro-grid based on the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) can supply the power to the external load independently. Despite an adequate and steady supply of the electricity to the external load, the high efficiency and avoiding fuel starvation is other points for the attention. In this paper, a control method of the SOFC-based DC micro-grid has been proposed, which can avoid the fuel starvation when the external load power increases This method adopts the optimal operating points (OOPs) to obtain the maximum efficiency, and then a novel time-delay control algorithm based on the system electric current is designed to avoid the fuel starvation. All simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method is feasible, which can effectively solve the fuel starvation problem. What's more, the output efficiency can be up to 40%, which can get the high efficiency of the power supply. The works in this paper can provide the reference for other similar systems to solve the fuel starvation problem.
- Y. Komatsu, G. Brus, S. Kimijima, and J.S. Szmyd. 2014. The effect of overpotentials on the transient response of the 300W SOFC cell stack voltage. Applied Energy,115(February 2014), 352-359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.11.017.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- M. Fardadi, D.F. McLarty, J. Brouwer, and F. Jabbari. 2014. Enhanced performance of counter flow SOFC with partial internal reformation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 39, 34(November 2014), 19753-19766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.09.148.Google ScholarCross Ref
- G. Brus, K. Miyoshi, H. Iwai, M. Saito, and H. Yoshida. 2015. Change of an anode's microstructure morphology during the fuel starvation of an anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 40, 21(June 2015), 6927-6934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene. 2015.03.143.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Q.P. Fang, L. Blum, R. Peters, M. Peksen, P. Batfalsky, and D. Stolten. 2015. SOFC stack performance under high fuel utilization. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 40, 2 (January 2015), 1128-1136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.11.094.Google ScholarCross Ref
- G. Chen, G.Q. Guan, S. Abliz, Y. Kasai, and A. Abudula. 2011. Rapid degradation mechanism of Ni-CGO anode in low concentrations of H2 at a high current density, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 36, 14(July 2011), 8461-8467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.04.046.Google ScholarCross Ref
- J.H. Zhang, H.D. Guo, L.B. Lei, S.L. Shen, K.Q. Zheng, and M.F. Han. 2023. Experimental investigation of fuel starvation on industrial-sized solid oxide fuel cells using segmented cathodes and area specific resistances. Journal of Power Sources, 562 (February 2023), 232725. https://doi.org/%2010.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.232725.Google Scholar
- H. Moussaoui, G. Hammerschmid, J.V. Herle, and V. Subotić. 2023. Fast online diagnosis for solid oxide fuel cells: Optimisation of total harmonic distortion tool for real-system application and reactants starvation identification. Journal of Power Sources, 556, 232352.Google ScholarCross Ref
- F. Jia, X.D. Tian, F.F. Liu, J.J. Ye, and C.P. Yang. 2023. Oxidant starvation under various operating conditions on local and transient performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Applied Energy, 331, 120412.Google ScholarCross Ref
- T. Labi, F.V. Schalkwyk, S.M. Andersen, P. Morgen, S.C. Ray, and J. Chamier. 2021. Increasing fuel cell durability during prolonged and intermittent fuel starvation using supported IrOx. Journal of Power Sources, 490(April 2021), 229568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.229568.Google ScholarCross Ref
- K. Meng, B. Chen, H.R. Zhou, J. Shen, and Z.K. Tu. 2022. Experimental investigation on voltage response characteristics of hydrogen-oxygen proton exchange membrane fuel cells under gas starvation. Energy Conversion and Management, 268, 115973.Google ScholarCross Ref
- L. Zhang, X. Li, J.H. Jiang, S.H. Li, J. Yang, and J. Li. (2015). Dynamic modeling and analysis of a 5-kW solid oxide fuel cell system from the perspectives of cooperative control of thermal safety and high efficiency. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 40, 1(January 2015), p456-476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.10.149.Google ScholarCross Ref
- L. Zhang, J.H. Jiang, H. Cheng, Z.H. Deng, and X. Li. (2015). Control strategy for power management, efficiency-optimization and operating-safety of a 5-kW solid oxide fuel cell system. Electrochimica Acta, 177(September 2015), 237-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.045.Google ScholarCross Ref
- L. Zhang, S.Y. Shi, J.H. Jiang, F. Wang, H.T. Xie, H. Chen, X.W. Fu and X. Li. (2018). An optimization and fast load-oriented control for current-based solid oxide fuel cell system. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, 22(May 2018), 2863-2877. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-018-3996-x.Google ScholarCross Ref
- L. Zhang, S.Y. Shi, J.H. Jiang and X. Li. (2019). Current-based MPC for operating-safety analysis of a reduced-order solid oxide fuel cell system. IONICS, 25 (July 2018), 1759-1772. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2654-8.Google ScholarCross Ref
- L. Zhang, W.H. Tang, F. Wang, C. Xie, W.B. Zhou, and H.T. Xie. (2022). Optimization and control for solid oxide fuel cell system hybrid DC microgrids from the perspective of high efficiency, thermal safety, and transient response. Frontiers in Energy Research, 10 (July 2022), 953082. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2022.953082.Google ScholarCross Ref
- N.E. Zakzouk, A.K. Khamis, A.K. Barry, and W. Williams. (2019). Continuous-input continuous-output current buck-boost DC/DC converters for renewable energy applications: Modelling and performance assessment. Energies, 12, 10(June 2019), 2208. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12112208.Google ScholarCross Ref
Index Terms
- A Control Method of SOFC-based DC Micro-grid to Avoid Fuel Starvation when External Load Power Increases
Recommendations
A Novel Control Scheme of Stable Electricity and High Efficiency Supply in SOFC-based DC Micro-grid
AI2A '23: Proceedings of the 2023 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Automation and AlgorithmsIn recent years, the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC)-based direct current (DC) micro-grid is considered for the power supply worldwide, due to the advantages of the environmentally friendly and high energy conversion efficiency. However, the control scheme ...
Control and simulation of power balance in optical storage micro-grid based on photovoltaic power supply
RICAI '19: Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Robotics, Intelligent Control and Artificial IntelligenceMicro-grid is one of the most effective ways to utilize renewable energy. It is of great significance to study how to realize the energy management of micro-grid and optimize the utilization of energy. Micro-grid is a system unit composed of distributed ...
Dynamic Power Control of a PV-Fuel Cell Hybrid Energy System Used in DC Motors Applications
GREENTECH '14: Proceedings of the 2014 Sixth Annual IEEE Green Technologies ConferenceA control structure for a hybrid renewable energy source tied to a direct current (DC) motor is proposed. The energy system is composed by a Photovoltaic (PV) array as the primary power source and a Fuel-Cell (FC) as an auxiliary or secondary power ...
Comments