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To Show or Hide - Investigating the Effect of Cursor Visibility in Gaze-controlled Interfaces

Published: 11 May 2024 Publication History

Abstract

In a gaze-controlled interface, the cursor is mapped to gaze points, making the cursor visible and tracked throughout the screen. We propose a novel system where we disable the visibility of the cursor movement during the pointing task and enable selection using a separate mechanical switch. As the gaze-tracker already does the pointing task, we were not required to visualize the cursor, which might distract the user from pointing at the intended target due to offsets by the eye-gaze tracker. In this study, we compared the performance of the without-cursor tracking interface and the with-cursor tracking interface. We found that the accuracy measures, average selection time, and system usability were significantly better for the without-cursor tracking interface than the with-cursor tracking interface. We are planning to extend the study to elderly users and people with motor impairments, tics, and tremors for the performance of the without-cursor tracking interface.

Supplemental Material

MP4 File - Video Preview
Video Preview
Transcript for: Video Preview
MP4 File - Demo Video
The video explains how the proposed gaze interfaces work. The subtitles are also attached here.
Transcript for: Demo Video

References

[1]
Pradipta Biswas and Pat Langdon. 2015. Multimodal intelligent eye-gaze tracking system. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 31, 4 (2015), 277–294.
[2]
Craig A Chin, Armando Barreto, Gualberto Cremades, and Malek Adjouadi. 2007. Performance analysis of an integrated eye gaze tracking/electromyogram cursor control system. In Proceedings of the 9th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility. 233–234.
[3]
Craig A Chin, Armando Barreto, J Gualberto Cremades, and Malek Adjouadi. 2008. Integrated electromyogram and eye-gaze tracking cursor control system for computer users with motor disabilities. (2008).
[4]
Paul M Fitts and Richard L Deininger. 1954. SR compatibility: correspondence among paired elements within stimulus and response codes.Journal of experimental psychology 48, 6 (1954), 483.
[5]
I Scott MacKenzie, Tatu Kauppinen, and Miika Silfverberg. 2001. Accuracy measures for evaluating computer pointing devices. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems. 9–16.
[6]
LRD Murthy, Abhishek Mukhopadhyay, Varshit Yellheti, Somnath Arjun, Peter Thomas, M Dilli Babu, Kamal Preet Singh Saluja, DV JeevithaShree, and Pradipta Biswas. 2020. Evaluating accuracy of eye gaze controlled interface in military aviation environment. In 2020 IEEE Aerospace Conference. IEEE, 1–12.
[7]
Kamal Preet Singh Saluja, Soamnath Arjun, and Pradipta Biswas. 2024. ISO 9241-9 is a standard Pointing task. https://cambum.net/I3D_PointingTask/index.html Retrieved from Pointing Task.
[8]
Colin Ware and Harutune H Mikaelian. 1986. An evaluation of an eye tracker as a device for computer input2. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI/GI conference on Human factors in computing systems and graphics interface. 183–188.
[9]
Greg Welch, Gary Bishop, 1995. An introduction to the Kalman filter. (1995).
[10]
Jibin Yin, Yingtao Wang, Cheng Chen, and Xiangliang Zhang. 2023. Eye-Controlled Cursor Stabilization Technique Based on Optimal Estimation. Interacting with Computers 35, 4 (2023), 519–529.

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      cover image ACM Conferences
      CHI EA '24: Extended Abstracts of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
      May 2024
      4761 pages
      ISBN:9798400703317
      DOI:10.1145/3613905
      Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

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      Published: 11 May 2024

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      Author Tags

      1. Cursor tracking
      2. Eye tracker
      3. Mechanical Switch
      4. Without cursor tracking

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