skip to main content
10.1145/3625704.3625755acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesicemtConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Socio-cognitive Factors, Classroom Engagement, and Language Task Performance in an Online Learning Set-Up: A mediation analysis

Published:04 December 2023Publication History

ABSTRACT

Engagement in learning is essential for students to continuously demonstrate for its wide range of benefits in the educative process. This study examined the mediating influence of classroom engagement on socio-cognitive factors (classroom climate, motivational strategies, and language learning self-efficacy) on predicting writing performance of students. This predictive research investigation explored the influence of Classroom Climate, Motivational Strategies, and Language Learning Self-efficacy on predicting students’ performance when mediated by students’ Classroom Engagement among 213 purposively sampled college students enrolled in GED course in a certain university in Intramuros, Manila. In order to examine it, four types of survey questionnaires and indicator of performance were used by the researcher to gather data, namely, Online Classroom Engagement Scale, What Is Happening in This Class? questionnaire, Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire, and Language Learners’ Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. The researcher analyzed the data using a series of Multiple Regression analysis as statistical treatment to determine the correlation of classroom climate, motivational strategies, and language learning self-efficacy and classroom engagement and Mediation Analysis using Sobel Test to find out if classroom engagement is a significant mediator. The results concluded that all socio-cognitive variables (classroom climate, motivational strategies, and language learning self-efficacy) are predictors of classroom engagement, which is also a significant mediator. Implications include implementation of various teaching strategies to foster motivation on the part of the students and fostering healthy classroom climate by the institution.

References

  1. Alderman, K. (2004). Motivation for Achievement: Possibilities for Teaching and Learning. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  2. Betoret, Fernando & Abellán-Roselló, Laura & Gómez-Artiga, Amparo. (2017). Self-Efficacy, Satisfaction, and Academic Achievement: The Mediator Role of Students' Expectancy-Value Beliefs. Frontiers in Psychology. 8. 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01193.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  3. Busse, V., & Walter, C. (2013). Foreign language learning motivation in higher education: A longitudinal study of motivational changes and their causes. The Modern Language Journal, 97(2), 435-456.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  4. Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA Sage.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  5. Drane, C., Vernon, L., & O'Shea, S. (2020). The impact of ‘learning at home'on the educational outcomes of vulnerable children in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Literature Review Prepared by the National Centre for Student Equity in Higher Education. Curtin University, Australia.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  6. Fredericks, J. A., Blumenfeld, P. C., & Paris, A. H. (2004). School engagement: Potential of the concept, state of the evidence. Review of Educational Research., 74, 59–109.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  7. García-Martínez, I., Landa, J. M. A., & León, S. P. (2021). The Mediating Role of Engagement on the Achievement and Quality of Life of University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(12), 6586. MDPI AG. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126586Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  8. Goodman, S., Jaffer, T., Keresztesi, M., Mamdani, F., Mokgatle, D., Musariri, M., Pires, J., & Schlechter, A. (2011). An investigation of the relationship between students' motivation and academic performance as mediated by effort. South African Journal of Psychology, 41(3), 373-385.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  9. Graham, S., & Hebert, H. (2010). Writing to read: Evidence for how writing can improve reading (A report from the Carnegie Corporation of New York). Washington, DC: Alliance for Excellent Education.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  10. Hashemi, M. (2011). Language Stress And Anxiety Among The English Language Learners. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30(0), 1811-1816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.349Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  11. Hayes, A. F. (2009). Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Communication Monographs, 76 408-420.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  12. Kuh G.D., Cruce T.M., Shoup R., Kinzie J., Gonyea R.M. (2008) Journal of Higher Education, 79 (5) , pp. 540-563.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  13. Macayan, J. V., Quinto, E. J. M., Otsuka, J. C., & Cueto, A. B. S. (2018a). Are Filipino students’ L2 learning goals performance- or mastery-oriented? An explanatory sequential analysis. GEMA Online Journal of English Language Studies, 18(1), 51-68. Retrieved from http://doi.org/10.17576/gema-2018-1801-04Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  14. Macayan, J. V., Quinto, E. J. M., Otsuka, J. C., & Cueto, A. B. S. (2018b). Influence of language learning anxiety on L2 speaking and writing of Filipino engineering students. 3L: The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 24(1), 40-55. Retrieved from http://doi.org/10.17576/3L-2018-2401-04Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  15. Macayan, J. V. M., Quinto, E. J. M., Otsuka, J. C., Cueto, A. B. S. (2017). Influence of language learning anxiety, goal orientation, and self-efficacy on second language (L2) writing and speaking. Thesis. Mapua University.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  16. MacIntyre, P. D. (2002). Motivation, anxiety and emotion in second language acquisition. Individual Differences and Instructed Language Learning, 0, 45–69. https://doi.org/10.1075/lllt.2Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  17. Mart, C.T. (2012). Developing speaking skills through reading. International Journal of English Linguistics, 2(6), 91-92.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  18. McLaren, I. A. M & Webber, D. (2009). Writing Right: Enhancing Student Engagement and Performance in an Ecology Course. International Journal of Environmental & Science Education. Vol. 4, No. 4, October 2009, 365-380.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  19. Noreen, S., Hasan, A., Batool, I., & Ali, A. (2018). The Impacts of Academic Self-Efficacy on Academic Outcomes: The Mediating effect of Student Engagement. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(11), 315–327.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  20. J. N. J. Pinugu and J. A. Ouano, "Underlying Elements of Academic Persistence in Engineering and Technical Programs," 2022 IEEE 14th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM), Boracay Island, Philippines, 2022, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/HNICEM57413.2022.10109281.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  21. J. N. J. Pinugu and J. A. Ouano, "Academic Persistence in Engineering and Technical Programs," 2022 IEEE 14th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM), Boracay Island, Philippines, 2022, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/HNICEM57413.2022.10109465.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  22. J. N. J. Pinugu and J. A. Ouano, "School Settings and Conditions as Mediators of Academic Persistence in Engineering and Technical Programs," 2022 IEEE 14th International Conference on Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, Communication and Control, Environment, and Management (HNICEM), Boracay Island, Philippines, 2022, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/HNICEM57413.2022.10109359.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  23. Pomerantz, E. M., Altermatt, E. R., & Saxon, J. L. (2002). Making the grade but feeling distressed: Gender differences in academic performance and internal distress. Journal of Educational Psychology, 94, 396–404.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  24. Quinto, E. J. M. (2015). Attitude and Motivation Towards a Working Language: Case of East Timorese Students in the Philippines. 3L: The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 21(1), 1-12. Retrived from doi: 10.17576/3L-2015-2101-01.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  25. Quinto, E. J. M., Castillo, J. C. D., & Lucero, R. D. (2021). Influence of Student Engagement on L2 Writing of Filipino ESL Students: The Moderating Role of Academic Mindsets. Korea Journal of English Language and Linguistics, 21(0), 856-869.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  26. Quinto, E. J. M., & Castillo, J. C. D. (2016). Reconceptualizing the language motivation of Timorese ELLs in the Philippines. GEMA Online Journal of English Language Studies, 16(3), 71-82.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  27. Quinto, E. J. M. & Macayan, J. V. (2020). Interactive Influence of Anxiety and Goal Orientation in Predicting Language Task Performance of Filipino Engineering Students. 16. 335-359.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  28. Quinto, E. J. M., & Macayan, J. V. (2019). Exploring English Speaking Anxiety Among Filipino Engineering Students: Its Influence on Task Performance and Its Sources. GEMA Online Journal of English Language Studies, 19(3), 57-74. Retrieved from http://doi.org/10.17576/gema-2019-1903-04Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  29. Quinto, E. J. M., Ofalia, B. C., Bae, J., & Salonga, L. S. B. (2019). (Un)Willingness to Communicate in English among Korean Study Abroad Students in the Philippines. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 35(4), 17-31. Retrieved from 10.17576/JKMJC-2019-3504-02.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  30. Quinto, E. J. M., Ong, A. K. S., Valiente, L. F. L, Olleres, L. J. B., Pinugu, J. N. J., Gaerlan, M. J. M., & Castillo, J. D. C. (2023). Exploring the motivations and emotions of Filipino learners of languages other than English (LOTEs): A structural equation modeling approach. International Journal of Multilingualism. Retrieved from 10.1080/14790718.2023.2224010Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  31. Quinto, E. J. M., Pacheco, P. E. D. V., Fallarme, S. Y. R., & Garcia, L. M. C. (2021). How Does Early L2 Exposure Impact L1 Proficiency? Evidence from Tagalog-English Bilingual Children. Korea Journal of English Language and Linguistics, 21(0), 525-535.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  32. Reyes, M.R., Brackett, M.A., Rivers, S.E., White, M., & Salovey, P. (2012). Classroom emotional climate, student engagement, and academic achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 104, 700-712.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  33. Russell, V. J., Ainley, M., & Frydenberg, E. (2005). Student motivation and engagement. Schooling Issues Digest. Australian Government, Department of Education, Science and Training.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  34. Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2009). Promoting self-determined school engagement: Motivation, learning, and well-being. In K. R. Wentzel & A. Wigfield (Eds.), Handbook on motivation at school. (pp. 171-196). New York: RoutledgeGoogle ScholarGoogle Scholar
  35. Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods, 7, 422-445.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  36. Suryaman, M., Cahyono, Y., Muliansyah, D., Bustani, O., Suryani, P., Fahlevi, M., & Munthe, A. P. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic and home online learning system: Does it affect the quality of pharmacy school learning? Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11, 524–530.Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  37. Taylor, L. & Parsons, J. (2011). Improving Student Engagement. Current Issues in Education, 14(1). Retrieved from http://cie.asu.edu/Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  38. Weiser, D. A., & Riggio, H. R. (2010). Family background and academic achievement: Does self-efficacy mediate outcomes? Social Psychology of Education: An International Journal, 13(3), 367–383Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  39. Zaccoletti, S., Camacho, A., Correia, N., Aguiar, C., Mason, L., Alves, R. A., (2020). Parents’ perceptions of student academic motivation during the COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-country comparison. Front. Psychol. 11:592670. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.592670Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref
  40. Zhao, X., Lynch, J., & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and Truths About Mediation Analysis. Journal of Consumer Research. 37. 197-206. 10.1086/651257.Google ScholarGoogle ScholarCross RefCross Ref

Index Terms

  1. Socio-cognitive Factors, Classroom Engagement, and Language Task Performance in an Online Learning Set-Up: A mediation analysis

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Login options

    Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

    Sign in
    • Published in

      cover image ACM Other conferences
      ICEMT '23: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Education and Multimedia Technology
      August 2023
      429 pages
      ISBN:9798400709142
      DOI:10.1145/3625704

      Copyright © 2023 ACM

      Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

      Publisher

      Association for Computing Machinery

      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      • Published: 4 December 2023

      Permissions

      Request permissions about this article.

      Request Permissions

      Check for updates

      Qualifiers

      • research-article
      • Research
      • Refereed limited
    • Article Metrics

      • Downloads (Last 12 months)16
      • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

      Other Metrics

    PDF Format

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    HTML Format

    View this article in HTML Format .

    View HTML Format