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A Research Investigates the Utilization of Single-Beam Sonar Search for Object Recognition of Drowning Incidents in Underwater Environments -Using Tainan City as a Case Study

Published: 26 December 2023 Publication History

Abstract

According to WHO (2021), drowning accounted for 7% of all injury-related deaths and was the third leading cause of unintentional injury deaths worldwide in 2019 [1]. The Fire Department of Tainan City, Taiwan reported that over 50 people drown each year in various bodies of water, with streams (36%), canals (22%), offshore areas (12%), and fish farms (11%) being the most frequent locations. These areas often have poor visibility and are difficult to navigate, making it challenging for lifeboats to be deployed in rescue efforts. Research by Tipton and Golden (2011) has shown that the survival rate of drowning victims is influenced by water temperature, salinity, submersion time, and age. Despite this, current underwater search methods are time-consuming [2]. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop a fast, safe, and effective approach to search for drowning victims in invisible waters. This paper uses observational and experimental methods, employing a telescopic rod and a fishing line to hook a single-beam sonar, to measure and scan underwater images. The objective is to identify different drowning postures and exact underwater positions, and to verify the feasibility of actual underwater search for drowning in the future.

References

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WHO. (2021). WHO guideline on the prevention of drowning through provision of day-care and basic swimming and water safety skills.
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Tipton, M. J., & Golden, F. S. C. (2011). A proposed decision-making guide for the search, rescue and resuscitation of submersion (head under) victims based on expert opinion. Resuscitation, 82(7), 819-824.
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Bierens, J. J., Lunetta, P., Tipton, M., & Warner, D. S. (2016). Physiology of drowning: a review. Physiology.
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Musante, K., & DeWalt, B. R. (2010). Participant observation: A guide for fieldworkers: Rowman Altamira.
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Sommer, B. B., & Sommer, R. (1997). A practical guide to behavioral research: Tools and techniques: Oxford University Press.
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Pia, F. (1974). Observations on the drowning of non-swimmers. Journal of Physical Education, 71(6), 164-167.
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Morlighem, M., Williams, C. N., Rignot, E., An, L., Arndt, J. E., Bamber, J. L., . . . Dorschel, B. (2017). BedMachine v3: Complete bed topography and ocean bathymetry mapping of Greenland from multibeam echo sounding combined with mass conservation. Geophysical research letters, 44(21), 11,051-011,061.
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Lucci, A., Campobasso, C. P., Cirnelli, A., & Lorenzini, G. (2008). A promising microbiological test for the diagnosis of drowning. Forensic science international, 182(1-3), 20-26.
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Kinsler, L. E., Frey, A. R., Coppens, A. B., & Sanders, J. V. (2000). Fundamentals of acoustics: John wiley & sons.
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Huo, G., Wu, Z., & Li, J. (2020). Underwater object classification in sidescan sonar images using deep transfer learning and semisynthetic training data. IEEE access, 8, 47407-47418.

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  1. A Research Investigates the Utilization of Single-Beam Sonar Search for Object Recognition of Drowning Incidents in Underwater Environments -Using Tainan City as a Case Study

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    WSSE '23: Proceedings of the 2023 5th World Symposium on Software Engineering
    September 2023
    352 pages
    ISBN:9798400708053
    DOI:10.1145/3631991
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

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    Published: 26 December 2023

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    Author Tags

    1. Digital Sonar Module
    2. Drowning Search Method
    3. Single-Beam Sonar
    4. Sonar Image of Drowning Posture

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