skip to main content
10.1145/3678717.3691288acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesgisConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article
Open access

Calculating Upstream Relation in Spatial Networks Under Path Constraints

Published: 22 November 2024 Publication History

Abstract

Assessing the resilience of utility networks and ensuring human safety in indoor environments during emergencies relies on the identification of the upstream relation in a spatial network. This concept is essential for detecting vulnerabilities and maintaining operational continuity in the event of unforeseen disruptions by finding alternative paths under various constraints and accessibility restrictions. As spatial networks grow increasingly complex, it is no longer practical to comprehensively analyze all paths within a spatial semantic graph, e.g., in applications related to geographic information systems and navigation services. This paper presents a novel computational method-different from the conventional biconnected components-for analyzing spatial networks independent of any number of constraints. The defined approach employs a fast graph search algorithm based on shortest path queries with increasing graph weights. It integrates the constrained shortest path search with weighted edges and a parallelized linear search scalable to large networks. Unlike Block-Cut trees, our algorithm efficiently determines the upstream relation with directly embedded path constraints by identifying all simple paths that fulfill the specified constraints without entirely reconstructing the graph. We demonstrate our solution's efficiency across two infrastructure networks: a critical utility network and an indoor navigation map with different path constraints. The source code is available at https://github.com/tum-bgd/2024-sigspatial-upstream

References

[1]
Julhas Alam. 2024. Bangladeshi leader says a shopping mall that caught fire had no emergency exits. Death toll climbs. Retrieved May 16, 2024 from https://apnews.com/article/bangladesh- fire- dhaka-mall-32b7fee567511126776d074ddd2d614c
[2]
Marc Barthélemy. 2011. Spatial networks. Physics Reports 499, 1 (2011), 1--101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2010.11.002
[3]
Adil Bhat. 2024. India's deadly industrial workplaces in the spotlight. Retrieved May 16, 2024 from https://www.dw.com/en/deadly-industrial-accidents-in-india-kill-and-disable-thousands/a-67930230
[4]
Andrzej Białecki, Natalia Jakubowska, Paweł Dobrowolski, Piotr Białecki, Leszek Krupiński, Andrzej Szczap, Robert Białecki, and Jan Gajewski. 2023. SC2EGSet: StarCraft II Esport Replay and Game-state Dataset. Scientific Data 10, 1 (Sept. 2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02510-7
[5]
Edsger W Dijkstra. 1959. A note on two problems in connexion with graphs. Numerische mathematik 1, 1 (1959), 269--271.
[6]
James A. Edwards and Uzi Vishkin. 2012. Better speedups using simpler parallel programming for graph connectivity and biconnectivity. In Proceedings of the 2012 International Workshop on Programming Models and Applications for Multicores and Manycores (New Orleans, Louisiana) (PMAM '12). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 103--114. https://doi.org/10.1145/2141702.2141714
[7]
Esri. 2023. Meridian Indoors First Floor. Retrieved June 04, 2024 from https://www.arcgis.com/apps/mapviewer/index.html?layers=11b9efa3d5fb4337acdbec4e90bbec65
[8]
Esri. 2023. Meridian Indoors Second Floor. Retrieved June 04, 2024 from https://www.arcgis.com/apps/mapviewer/index.html?layers=968b61bb3d2f4df48dea262bd90b0a49
[9]
Robert W. Floyd. 1962. Algorithm 97: Shortest path. Commun. ACM 5, 6 (jun 1962), 345. https://doi.org/10.1145/367766.368168
[10]
Andrew Goldberg and Chris Harrelson. 2003. Computing the shortest path: A* search meets graph theory. Proceedings of the Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms (04 2003). https://doi.org/10.1145/1070432.1070455
[11]
Zach Goldthorpe, Jason Cannon, Jesse Farebrother, Zachary Friggstad, and Mario A. Nascimento. 2018. Using biconnected components for efficient identification of upstream features in large spatial networks (GIS cup). In Proceedings of the 26th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems (Seattle, Washington) (SIGSPATIAL '18). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 630--633. https://doi.org/10.1145/3274895.3276476
[12]
Ruirong Guo, Chaokui Li, and Haibin Guo. 2023. Indoor Navigation Network Model Construction Method Based on Building Information Model. Journal of Geographic Information System 15 (01 2023), 367--378. https://doi.org/10.4236/jgis.2023.154018
[13]
John Hammock. 2023. The Crucial Role of Infrastructure in Economic Development. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/crucial-role-infrastructure-economic-development-john-hammock/ Accessed on March 21, 2024.
[14]
Peter Hart, Nils Nilsson, and Bertram Raphael. 1968. A Formal Basis for the Heuristic Determination of Minimum Cost Paths. IEEE Transactions on Systems Science and Cybernetics 4, 2 (1968), 100--107. https://doi.org/10.1109/tssc.1968.300136
[15]
Erik Hoel, Petko Bakalov, Sangho Kim, and Thomas Brown. 2015. Moving beyond transportation: utility network management. In Proceedings of the 23rd SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems (SIGSPATIAL '15). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 8. https://doi.org/10.1145/2820783.2820879
[16]
Fei Hu, Zhenlong Li, Chaowei Yang, and Yongyao Jiang. 2019. A graph-based approach to detecting tourist movement patterns using social media data. Cartography and Geographic Information Science 46, 4 (2019), 368--382. https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2018.1496036
[17]
Kelsey Jack. 2022. How much do we know about the development impacts of energy infrastructure? https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/energy/how-much-do-we-know-about-development-impacts-energy-infrastructure Accessed on March 21, 2024.
[18]
Ben Knight. 2019. How stable is Germany's power grid? Retrieved April 26, 2024 from https://www.dw.com/en/berlin-blackout-raises-questions-over-germanys-power-grid/a-47730394
[19]
Zhihang Liu, Chenyu Fang, Hao Li, Jinlin Wu, Lin Zhou, and Martin Werner. 2023. Efficiency and equality of the multimodal travel between public transit and bike-sharing accounting for multiscale. Sustainable Cities and Society 101 (12 2023), 105096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2023.105096
[20]
Salles Viana Gomes Magalhães, W. Randolph Franklin, and Ricardo dos Santos Ferreira. 2018. Fast analysis of upstream features on spatial networks (GIS cup). In Proceedings of the 26th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems (Seattle, Washington) (SIGSPATIAL '18). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 622--625. https://doi.org/10.1145/3274895.3276474
[21]
Dev Oliver, Bo Xu, and Yuanyuan Pao. 2019. ACM SIGSPATIAL cup 2018 - Identifying upstream features in large spatial networks. ACM SIGSPATIAL Special 11 (2019), 32--35. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:199454201
[22]
Ryan A. Rossi and Nesreen K. Ahmed. 2015. The Network Data Repository with Interactive Graph Analytics and Visualization. In AAAI. https://networkrepository.com
[23]
Tanuja Shanmukhappa, Ivan Wang-Hei Ho, and Chi Tse. 2018. Spatial analysis of bus transport networks using network theory. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 502 (02 2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2018.02.111
[24]
Yiquan Song, Lei Niu, Pengfei Liu, and Yi Li. 2021. Fire hazard assessment with indoor spaces for evacuation route selection in building fire scenarios. Indoor and Built Environment 31 (03 2021). https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326X21997547
[25]
Aaron Spray. 2024. Over 300 Passengers Were Accused Of Bypassing Security Checkpoints In 2023. Retrieved May 16, 2024 from https://simpleflying.com/passengers-accused-bypassing-security-checkpoints-2023/
[26]
Robert Tarjan and Uzi Vishkin. 1985. An Efficient Parallel Biconnectivity Algorithm. SIAM J.Comput. 14 (11 1985), 862--874. https://doi.org/10.1137/0214061
[27]
Robert Endre Tarjan. 1972. Depth-First Search and Linear Graph Algorithms. SIAM J. Comput. 1 (1972), 146--160. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:16467262
[28]
Thomas C. van Dijk, Tobias Greiner, Bas den Heijer, Nadja Henning, Felix Klesen, and Andre Löffler. 2018. Wüpstream: efficient enumeration of upstream features (GIS cup). In Proceedings of the 26th ACM SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems (Seattle, Washington) (SIGSPATIAL '18). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 626--629. https://doi.org/10.1145/3274895.3276475
[29]
Cola Wang. 2023. The Importance of Access Control in Airport Security. Retrieved May 16, 2024 from https://www.aviationpros.com/aviation-security/access-control/article/53059196/jwm-hi-tech-development-co-ltd-the-importance-of-access-control-in-airport-security
[30]
Agnieszka Widuto. 2023. EU energy infrastructure: Boosting energy security. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2023/753956/EPRS_BRI(2023)753956_EN.pdf Accessed on March 21, 2024.
[31]
Liping Yang and Michael Worboys. 2015. Generation of navigation graphs for indoor space. International Journal of Geographical Information Science (05 2015). https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2015.1041141
[32]
Yan Zhou, Yuling Pang, Fen Chen, and Yeting Zhang. 2020. Three-Dimensional Indoor Fire Evacuation Routing. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, 10 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9100558

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
SIGSPATIAL '24: Proceedings of the 32nd ACM International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems
October 2024
743 pages
Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 22 November 2024

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. Graph Analysis
  2. Path Constraints
  3. Shortest Path
  4. Spatial Networks

Qualifiers

  • Research-article
  • Research
  • Refereed limited

Conference

SIGSPATIAL '24
Sponsor:

Acceptance Rates

SIGSPATIAL '24 Paper Acceptance Rate 37 of 122 submissions, 30%;
Overall Acceptance Rate 257 of 1,238 submissions, 21%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • 0
    Total Citations
  • 48
    Total Downloads
  • Downloads (Last 12 months)48
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)29
Reflects downloads up to 14 Jan 2025

Other Metrics

Citations

View Options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Login options

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media