skip to main content
research-article

DEWS: A Distributed Measurement Scheme for Efficient Wireless Sensing

Published: 21 November 2024 Publication History

Abstract

One of the key challenges for wireless sensing systems is how to efficiently enable wireless sensing capabilities for multiple devices while leveraging existing wireless communication resources. In this paper, we propose DEWS, a distributed channel measurement scheme that allows multiple transmitters to perform sensing tasks simultaneously, which considers three key issues in wireless sensing tasks: multi-device sensing resolution, multi-device sensing reliability, and multi-device sensing accuracy. First, we use a carefully designed distributed Resource Unit (dRU) allocation scheme based on OFDMA to ensure that multiple devices perform sensing tasks simultaneously with the entire bandwidth, thereby improving the sensing resolution. Then, a subcarrier linear phase shift scheme is designed to avoid signal interference between different transmitting devices and improve the reliability of multi-device sensing. This scheme realizes the fine-grained Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) of multiple devices, which can also increase the number of simultaneous access of sensing devices. Finally, a sensing accuracy improvement algorithm combining a single antenna-based motion recovery method utilizing Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and sampling frequency offset (SFO) correction is proposed, to further help DEWS to break the inherent bandwidth limits and recover different motions at similar distances. We verify the effectiveness of DEWS through extensive experimental testing using commercial USRPs.

References

[1]
2017. LoraWAN™, Specification v1. 1. Lora Alliance.
[2]
2021. Enhancements for high-efficiency WLAN. IEEE Draft Standard 802.11ax.
[3]
2023. Enhancements for Wireless LAN Sensing. IEEE Draft Standard 802.11bf/D1.0.
[4]
2024. Enhancements for Extremely High Throughput (EHT). IEEE Draft Standard 802.11be.
[5]
Fadel Adib and Dina Katabi. 2013. See through walls with WiFi!. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2013 conference on SIGCOMM. 75--86.
[6]
Roshan Ayyalasomayajula, Aditya Arun, ChenfengWu, Sanatan Sharma, Abhishek Rajkumar Sethi, Deepak Vasisht, and Dinesh Bharadia. 2020. Deep learning based wireless localization for indoor navigation. In Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking. 1--14.
[7]
Cheng Chen, Hao Song, Qinghua Li, Francesca Meneghello, Francesco Restuccia, and Carlos Cordeiro. 2022. Wi-Fi sensing based on IEEE 802.11 bf. IEEE Communications Magazine 61, 1 (2022), 121--127.
[8]
Weiyan Chen, Kai Niu, Dan Wu, Deng Zhao, Leye Wang, and Daqing Zhang. 2019. A Contactless Gesture Interaction System Using LTE (4G) Signals. In Proceedings of the 2019 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing. 260--263.
[9]
Zhe Chen, Zhongmin Li, Xu Zhang, Guorong Zhu, Yuedong Xu, Jie Xiong, and Xin Wang. 2017. AWL: Turning spatial aliasing from foe to friend for accurate WiFi localization. In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on emerging Networking EXperiments and Technologies. 238--250.
[10]
Marco Cominelli, Francesco Gringoli, and Francesco Restuccia. 2023. Exposing the CSI: A Systematic Investigation of CSI-based Wi-Fi Sensing Capabilities and Limitations. In 2023 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom). IEEE, 81--90.
[11]
Greg Ennis. 2023. Beyond Everywhere: How Wi-Fi Became the World's Most Beloved Technology. Post Hill Press.
[12]
Yao Ge, Ahmad Taha, Syed Aziz Shah, Kia Dashtipour, Shuyuan Zhu, Jonathan Cooper, Qammer H Abbasi, and Muhammad Ali Imran. 2022. Contactless WiFi Sensing and Monitoring for Future Healthcare-Emerging Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities. IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering 16 (2022), 171--191.
[13]
Francesco Gringoli, Marco Cominelli, Alejandro Blanco, and Joerg Widmer. 2022. AX-CSI: Enabling CSI extraction on commercial 802.11 ax Wi-Fi platforms. In Proceedings of the 15th ACM Workshop on Wireless Network Testbeds, Experimental evaluation & CHaracterization. 46--53.
[14]
Zhengxin Guo, Wenyang Yuan, Linqing Gui, Biyun Sheng, and Fu Xiao. 2023. BreatheBand: a fine-grained and robust respiration monitor system using WiFi signals. ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks 19, 4 (2023), 1--18.
[15]
Yinghui He, Jianwei Liu, Mo Li, Guanding Yu, Jinsong Han, and Kui Ren. 2023. Sencom: Integrated sensing and communication with practical wifi. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking. 1--16.
[16]
Jingzhi Hu, Tianyue Zheng, Zhe Chen, Hongbo Wang, and Jun Luo. 2023. MUSE-Fi: Contactless MUti-person SEnsing Exploiting Near-field Wi-Fi Channel Variation. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking. 1--15.
[17]
Aapo Hyvarinen. 1999. Fast ICA for noisy data using Gaussian moments. In 1999 IEEE international symposium on circuits and systems (ISCAS), Vol. 5. IEEE, 57--61.
[18]
Maoran Jiang and Wei Gong. 2023. Bidirectional Bluetooth Backscatter with Edges. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing (2023).
[19]
Wenjun Jiang, Hongfei Xue, Chenglin Miao, Shiyang Wang, Sen Lin, Chong Tian, Srinivasan Murali, Haochen Hu, Zhi Sun, and Lu Su. 2020. Towards 3D human pose construction using WiFi. In Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking. 1--14.
[20]
Kevin Jiokeng, Gentian Jakllari, Alain Tchana, and André-Luc Beylot. 2020. When FTM discovered MUSIC: Accurate WiFi-based ranging in the presence of multipath. In IEEE INFOCOM 2020-IEEE Conference on Computer Communications. IEEE, 1857--1866.
[21]
Wenwei Li, Ruiyang Gao, Jie Xiong, Jiarun Zhou, Leye Wang, Xingjian Mao, Enze Yi, and Daqing Zhang. 2024. WiFi-CSI Difference Paradigm: Achieving Efficient Doppler Speed Estimation for Passive Tracking. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 8, 2 (2024), 1--29.
[22]
Xinyu Li, Yuanhao Cui, J Andrew Zhang, Fan Liu, Daqing Zhang, and Lajos Hanzo. 2022. Integrated human activity sensing and communications. IEEE Communications Magazine 61, 5 (2022), 90--96.
[23]
Yang Li, Dan Wu, Jie Zhang, Xuhai Xu, Yaxiong Xie, Tao Gu, and Daqing Zhang. 2022. Diversense: Maximizing Wi-Fi sensing range leveraging signal diversity. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 6, 2 (2022), 1--28.
[24]
Kang Ling, Yuntang Liu, Ke Sun, Wei Wang, Lei Xie, and Qing Gu. 2020. SpiderMon: Towards using cell towers as illuminating sources for keystroke monitoring. In IEEE INFOCOM 2020-IEEE Conference on Computer Communications. IEEE, 666--675.
[25]
Fan Liu, Yuanhao Cui, Christos Masouros, Jie Xu, Tony Xiao Han, Yonina C Eldar, and Stefano Buzzi. 2022. Integrated sensing and communications: Toward dual-functional wireless networks for 6G and beyond. IEEE journal on selected areas in communications 40, 6 (2022), 1728--1767.
[26]
Jinyi Liu, Wenwei Li, Tao Gu, Ruiyang Gao, Bin Chen, Fusang Zhang, Dan Wu, and Daqing Zhang. 2023. Towards a Dynamic Fresnel Zone Model to WiFi-based Human Activity Recognition. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 7, 2 (2023), 1--24.
[27]
Jinyi Liu, Youwei Zeng, Tao Gu, Leye Wang, and Daqing Zhang. 2021. WiPhone: Smartphone-based respiration monitoring using ambient reflected WiFi signals. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 5, 1 (2021), 1--19.
[28]
Zhicheng Luo, Qianyi Huang, Rui Wang, Hao Chen, Xiaofeng Tao, Guihai Chen, and Qian Zhang. 2022. WISE: Low-Cost Wide Band Spectrum Sensing Using UWB. In Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. 651--666.
[29]
J Alberto Neder, Juan P de Torres, Kathryn M Milne, and Denis E O'Donnell. 2020. Lung function testing in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clinics in Chest Medicine 41, 3 (2020), 347--366.
[30]
Qifan Pu, Sidhant Gupta, Shyamnath Gollakota, and Shwetak Patel. 2013. Whole-home gesture recognition using wireless signals. In Proceedings of the 19th annual international conference on Mobile computing & networking. 27--38.
[31]
Yili Ren, Zi Wang, Yichao Wang, Sheng Tan, Yingying Chen, and Jie Yang. 2022. GoPose: 3D human pose estimation using WiFi. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 6, 2 (2022), 1--25.
[32]
Priya Roy and Chandreyee Chowdhury. 2022. A survey on ubiquitous WiFi-based indoor localization system for smartphone users from implementation perspectives. CCF Transactions on Pervasive Computing and Interaction 4, 3 (2022), 298--318.
[33]
Matthias Schulz, Jakob Link, Francesco Gringoli, and Matthias Hollick. 2018. Shadow Wi-Fi: Teaching Smartphones to Transmit Raw Signals and to Extract Channel State Information to Implement Practical Covert Channels over Wi-Fi. In Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services. 256--268.
[34]
Hongbo Sun, Lek Guan Chia, and Sirajudeen Gulam Razul. 2021. Through-wall human sensing with WiFi passive radar. IEEE Trans. Aerospace Electron. Systems 57, 4 (2021), 2135--2148.
[35]
Ke Sun, Ting Zhao, Wei Wang, and Lei Xie. 2018. Vskin: Sensing touch gestures on surfaces of mobile devices using acoustic signals. In Proceedings of the 24th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking. 591--605.
[36]
Amee Trivedi, Camellia Zakaria, Rajesh Balan, Ann Becker, George Corey, and Prashant Shenoy. 2021. Wifitrace: Network-based contact tracing for infectious diseases using passive wifi sensing. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 5, 1 (2021), 1--26.
[37]
Tore Ulversoy. 2010. Software defined radio: Challenges and opportunities. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 12, 4 (2010), 531--550.
[38]
Haoran Wan, Shuyu Shi, Wenyu Cao, Wei Wang, and Guihai Chen. 2021. RespTracker: Multi-user room-scale respiration tracking with commercial acoustic devices. In IEEE INFOCOM 2021-IEEE conference on computer communications. IEEE, 1--10.
[39]
Haoran Wan, Lei Wang, Ting Zhao, Ke Sun, Shuyu Shi, Haipeng Dai, Guihai Chen, Haodong Liu, and Wei Wang. 2022. Vector: Velocity based temperature-field monitoring with distributed acoustic devices. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 6, 3 (2022), 1--28.
[40]
FangxinWang,Wei Gong, and Jiangchuan Liu. 2018. On spatial diversity in WiFi-based human activity recognition: A deep learning-based approach. IEEE Internet of Things Journal 6, 2 (2018), 2035--2047.
[41]
Wei Wang, Alex X Liu, Muhammad Shahzad, Kang Ling, and Sanglu Lu. 2015. Understanding and modeling of wifi signal based human activity recognition. In Proceedings of the 21st annual international conference on mobile computing and networking. 65--76.
[42]
XuanzhiWang, Kai Niu, Jie Xiong, Bochong Qian, Zhiyun Yao, Tairong Lou, and Daqing Zhang. 2022. Placement matters: Understanding the effects of device placement for WiFi sensing. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 6, 1 (2022), 1--25.
[43]
Xuanzhi Wang, Kai Niu, Anlan Yu, Jie Xiong, Zhiyun Yao, Junzhe Wang, Wenwei Li, and Daqing Zhang. 2023. WiMeasure: Millimeterlevel Object Size Measurement with Commodity WiFi Devices. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 7, 2 (2023), 1--26.
[44]
Yichao Wang, Yili Ren, Yingying Chen, and Jie Yang. 2022. Wi-Mesh: A WiFi Vision-based Approach for 3D Human Mesh Construction. In Proceedings of the 20th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. 362--376.
[45]
Roy Want. 2022. RFID explained: A primer on radio frequency identification technologies. Springer Nature.
[46]
Chenhao Wu, Xuan Huang, Jun Huang, and Guoliang Xing. 2023. Enabling Ubiquitous WiFi Sensing with Beamforming Reports. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2023 Conference. 20--32.
[47]
Rui Xiao, Jianwei Liu, Jinsong Han, and Kui Ren. 2021. Onefi: One-shot recognition for unseen gesture via cots wifi. In Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems. 206--219.
[48]
Yaxiong Xie, Zhenjiang Li, and Mo Li. 2015. Precise power delay profiling with commodity WiFi. In Proceedings of the 21st Annual international conference on Mobile Computing and Networking. 53--64.
[49]
Jing Yang, BaiShun Dong, and Jiliang Wang. 2022. VULoc: Accurate UWB localization for countless targets without synchronization. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 6, 3 (2022), 1--25.
[50]
Zheng Yang, Zimu Zhou, and Yunhao Liu. 2013. From RSSI to CSI: Indoor localization via channel response. Comput. Surveys 46, 2 (2013), 25.
[51]
Shichao Yue, Hao He, Hao Wang, Hariharan Rahul, and Dina Katabi. 2018. Extracting multi-person respiration from entangled RF signals. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 2, 2 (2018), 1--22.
[52]
Camellia Zakaria, Gizem Yilmaz, Priyanka Mary Mammen, Michael Chee, Prashant Shenoy, and Rajesh Balan. 2023. SleepMore: Inferring Sleep Duration at Scale via Multi-Device WiFi Sensing. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 6, 4 (2023), 1--32.
[53]
Youwei Zeng, Jinyi Liu, Jie Xiong, Zhaopeng Liu, Dan Wu, and Daqing Zhang. 2021. Exploring multiple antennas for long-range WiFi sensing. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 5, 4 (2021), 1--30.
[54]
Youwei Zeng, Zhaopeng Liu, Dan Wu, Jinyi Liu, Jie Zhang, and Daqing Zhang. 2020. A multi-person respiration monitoring system using COTS wifi devices. In Adjunct Proceedings of the 2020 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing and Proceedings of the 2020 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers. 195--198.
[55]
Youwei Zeng, Dan Wu, Jie Xiong, Jinyi Liu, Zhaopeng Liu, and Daqing Zhang. 2020. MultiSense: Enabling multi-person respiration sensing with commodity wifi. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 4, 3 (2020), 1--29.
[56]
Yue Zheng, Yi Zhang, Kun Qian, Guidong Zhang, Yunhao Liu, Chenshu Wu, and Zheng Yang. 2019. Zero-effort cross-domain gesture recognition with Wi-Fi. In Proceedings of the 17th annual international conference on mobile systems, applications, and services. 313--325.

Index Terms

  1. DEWS: A Distributed Measurement Scheme for Efficient Wireless Sensing

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies
    Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies  Volume 8, Issue 4
    December 2024
    1788 pages
    EISSN:2474-9567
    DOI:10.1145/3705705
    Issue’s Table of Contents
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 21 November 2024
    Published in IMWUT Volume 8, Issue 4

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. Distributed RU
    2. High bandwidth Wi-Fi sensing
    3. Multi-device wireless sensing
    4. OFDMA

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article
    • Research
    • Refereed

    Funding Sources

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • 0
      Total Citations
    • 164
      Total Downloads
    • Downloads (Last 12 months)164
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)36
    Reflects downloads up to 13 Feb 2025

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    View Options

    Login options

    Full Access

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Figures

    Tables

    Media

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media