ABSTRACT
We propose PSFQ (Pump Slowly, Fetch Quickly), a reliable transport protocol suitable for a new class of reliable data applications emerging in wireless sensor networks. For example, currently sensor networks tend to be application specific and are typically hard-wired to perform a specific task efficiently at low cost; however, there is an emerging need to be able to re-task or reprogram groups of sensors in wireless sensor networks on the fly (e.g., during disaster recovery). Due to the application-specific nature of sensor networks, it is difficult to design a single monolithic transport system that can be optimized for every application. PSFQ takes a different approach and supports a simple, robust and scalable transport that is customizable to meet the needs of different reliable data applications. To our knowledge there has been little or no work on the design of an efficient reliable transport protocol for wireless sensor networks, even though some techniques found in IP networks have some relevance to the solution space, such as, the body of work on reliable multicast. We present the design and implementation of PSFQ, and evaluate the protocol using the ns-2 simulator and an experimental wireless sensor testbed based on Berkeley motes. We show through simulation and experimentation that PSFQ can out perform existing related techniques (e.g., an idealized SRM scheme) and is highly responsive to the various error conditions experienced in wireless sensor networks, respectively.
- Jason Hill, Robert Szewczyk, Alec Woo, Seth Hollar, David Culler, Kristofer Pister. "System architecture directions for network sensors", Proc. of the 9th International Conf. on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, pg 93--104, Nov. 2000. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Cots Dust, Large Scale Models for Smart Dust. http://www-bsac.eecs.berkeley.edu/~shollar/macro_motes/macromotes.html.Google Scholar
- C. Intanagonwiwat, RC. Govindan, D. Estrin, "Directed Diffusion: A Scalable and Robust Communication Paradigm for Sensor Networks", Proc. of the Sixth Annual ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, pp. 56--67, Aug. 2000. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Atwood, O. Catrina, J. Fenton and W. Strayer, "Reliable Multicasting in the Xpress Transport Protocol", Proc. of 21st Conference on Local Computer Networks, pg 202--211,Oct 1996. Google ScholarDigital Library
- S. Floyd, V. Jacobson, C. Liu, S. Macanne and L. Zhang. "A Reliable Multicast Framework for Lightweight Session and Application Layer Framing". IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 784--803, Dec. 1997. Google ScholarDigital Library
- TinyOS Homepage. http://webs.cs.berkeley.edu/tos/Google Scholar
- S.-Y. Ni, Y.-C. Tseng, Y.-S. Chen, J.-P. Sheu, "The broadcast storm problem in a mobile adhoc network", Proc. of the Fifth Annual ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, pp. 151--162, Aug. 1999. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J.J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves, E. L. Madruga, "The core assisted mesh protocol", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 1380--94, Aug. 1999 Google ScholarDigital Library
- S.-J. Lee, M. Gerla, C.-C. Chiang, "On-demand multicast routing protocol", Proc. IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conf., pp. 1298--1304, Sept. 21-25, 1999.Google Scholar
- D. Clark and D. Tennenhouse, "Architectural Considerations for a New Generation of Protocols", Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM '90, pp. 201--208, Sept. 1990. Google ScholarDigital Library
- C. Ho, K. Obraczka, G. Tsudik, K. Viswanath, "Flooding for Reliable Multicast in Multi-Hop Ad Hoc Networks", ACM Mobicom Workshop on Discrete Algorithms & Methods for Mobility (DialM'99), Aug. 1999. Google ScholarDigital Library
- E. Pagani, G. Rossi, "Reliable Broadcast in Mobile Multihop Packet Networks", Proc. of the Third Annual ACM International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, pp. 34--42, Sept. 1997. Google ScholarDigital Library
- The Network Simulator - ns-2. http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/Google Scholar
- D. A. Maltz, "On-Demand Routing in Multi-hop Wireless Mobile Ad Hoc Networks", PhD Thesis, Carnegie Mellon University, 2001. Google ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- PSFQ: a reliable transport protocol for wireless sensor networks
Recommendations
ESRT: event-to-sink reliable transport in wireless sensor networks
MobiHoc '03: Proceedings of the 4th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computingWireless sensor networks (WSN) are event based systems that rely on the collective effort of several microsensor nodes. Reliable event detection at the sink is based on collective information provided by source nodes and not on any individual report. ...
Reliable transport for sensor networks: PSFQ - Pump slowly fetch quickly paradigm
Wireless sensor networksWe propose PSFQ (Pump Slowly, Fetch Quickly), a reliable transport protocol suitable for a new class of reliable data applications emerging in wireless sensor networks. For example, currently sensor networks tend to be application specific and are ...
Event-to-sink reliable transport in wireless sensor networks
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are event-based systems that rely on the collective effort of several microsensor nodes. Reliable event detection at the sink is based on collective information provided by source nodes and not on any individual report. ...
Comments