ABSTRACT
The Traffic Police Management Training Game was designed for Northwestern's Traffic Institute with the following basic objectives: (1) to provide police officers of supervisory rank with more insight and experience in traffic problems; (2) to show the importance of intensive analysis and planing; and, (3) to teach certain patrol enforcement concepts. The game requires three ingredients: the game administrators, the game players, and the computerized game model. The game model provides the framework within which the administrator may specify any type of urban model he believes meets his teaching objectives. The game players input decisions on allocation of manpower for patrol enforcement. The game model generates violations, which stochastically result in accidents. The frequency of these violations is assumed to be a function of parameters selected by the administrators and the enforcement applied by the players. If a violation does not result in an accident, the model computes whether or not an available unit detected the violation. The model does not pretend to be realistic, but rather aims to achieve verisimilitude. The object of the game is to achieve some “bests allocation based on criteria set up by the administrators. Organizational aspects of the game include: administrator and player briefings, instructions, decision forms, and critiques.
- 1.Broom, Halsey, Business Policy and Stratetic Action. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1969.Google Scholar
- 2.Cohen, Kalman, et al. The Carnegie Tech Management Game. Homewood, I11.: Richard D. Irwin, Inc., 1964.Google Scholar
- 3.Dale, A.G. and Klasson, C.R., Business Gaming: A Survey of American Collegiate Schools of Business. Bureau of Business Research University of Texas, 1964.Google Scholar
- 4.Dill, William R., et al. Proceedings of the Conference on Business Games. Ford Foundation and Tulane University, 1961.Google Scholar
- 5.Duke, Richard D., Gaming-Simulation in Urban Research. Public Institute of Community Development and Services, Michigan State University, 1964.Google Scholar
- 6.Fisher, G.R. and Mosher, W.W., Statistical Analysis of Accident Data as a Basis for Planning Selective Enforcement—Phase II. ITTE Research Report 51, 1964.Google Scholar
- 7.Frost, Thomas, A Forward Look in Police Education. Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1959.Google Scholar
- 8.Greenlaw, Paul; Herron, Lowell; and Rawdon, Richard, Business Simulation in Industrial and University Education. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1962.Google Scholar
- 9.Guetzkow, Harold, et al., Simulation in International Relations: Developments for Research and Teaching. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1963.Google Scholar
- 10.Guetzkow, Harold and Cherryholmes, Cleo, Inter-Nation Simulation Kit. Chicago: Science Research Associates, 1966.Google Scholar
- 11.Guetzkow, Harold, Simulation in Social Science. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1962.Google Scholar
- 12.Harrison, Leonard, How to Teach Police Subject: Theory and Practice. Springfield, Ill.: Charles C. Thomas, 1964.Google Scholar
- 13.Henshaw, Richard and Jackson, James, The Executive Game. Homewood, Ill.: Richard D. Irwin, Inc., 1966.Google Scholar
- 14.Kaplan, Morton A. (ed.), New Approaches to International Relations. New York: St Martin's Press, 1968, p. 202-269: "Some Correspondences between Simulations and "Realities: in International Relations", Harold Guetzkow.Google Scholar
- 15.Kibbee, Joel; Craft, Clifford; and Nanus, Burt, Management Games—A New Technique for Executive Development. New York: Reinhold Publishing Corp., 1961.Google Scholar
- 16.Klotter, John, Techniques for Police Instructors. Springfield, Ill.: Charles C. Thomas, 1963.Google Scholar
- 17.Mulvihill, Donald (ed.), Guide to the Quantitative Age. New York: Hold, Rinehart, and Winston, Inc., 1966.Google Scholar
- 18.North, Robert, et al. Content Analysis: A Handbook with Application for the Study of International Crisis. Evanston, Ill.: Northwestern University Press, 1963.Google Scholar
- 19.Raser, John R., Simulation and Society. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Inc., 1969.Google Scholar
- 20.Schellenberger, Robert Earl, Development of a Computerized Multipurpose Retail Management Game. Research Paper 14. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Feb., 1965.Google Scholar
- 21.Smith, W. Nye; Estey, Elmer E.; and Wines, Ellworth F., Integrated Simulation. Cincinnati, Ohio: South-Western Publishing Co., 1968.Google Scholar
- 22.Thorelli, Hans and Graves, R., International Operations Simulation. New York: The Free Press of Glencoe, 1964.Google Scholar
- 23.Vance, Stanley, Management Decision Simulation—Noncomputer. New York: McGrawHill, 1960.Google Scholar
- 24.Anglinger, G. R., "Business Games—Play One". Harvard Business Review, 36 (March-April, 1958), 115-125.Google Scholar
- 25.Anglinger, G.R., and Vollman, Thomas, "Uniproduct: A Pedagogical Device". California Management Review, 10 (Winter, 1967), 65-70.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 26.Babb, E.M.; Leslie, M.A.; and Van Slyke, M.D., "The Potential of Business-Gaming Methods in Research". Journal of Business, (October, 1966), 465-472.Google Scholar
- 27.Bankhead, K. and Herms, B.F., "Reducing Accidents by Selective Enforcement". Traffic Digest and Review, 18 (January, 1970), 1-5.Google Scholar
- 28.Barish, N. and Siff, Frederick, "Operational Gaming Simulation with Application to the Stock Market". Management Science, 15 (July, 1969), 530-541.Google ScholarDigital Library
- 29.Boguslaw, Robert; Davis, Robert and Glick, Edward, "A Simulation Vehicle for Studying National Policy Formation in a Less Armed World". Behavioral Science, 2 (January, 1966), 43-61.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 30.Carlson, Elliot, "Versatile Business Gaming". Management Review, 55 (September, 1966), 45-47.Google Scholar
- 31.Carson, John, "Business Games: A Technique for Teaching Decision-Making" Management Accounting, 49 (October 1967), 31-35.Google Scholar
- 32.Cherryholmes, Cleo, "Some Current Research on Effectiveness of Education Simulations: Implications for Alternative Strategies". American Behavioral Scientist, 10 (October, 1966), 4-5.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 33.Churchill, Neil and Cyert, Richard, "Experiment in Management Auditing". Journal of Accounting, 121 (Fall, 1966), 39-43.Google Scholar
- 34.Cohen, K., et al. "The Carnegie Tech Management Game". Journal of Business, 33 (October, 1960), 303-309.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 35.Collett, Merrill, "Simulation As a Management Development Tool". Personnel Administration, 25 (March, 1962), 48-51.Google Scholar
- 36.Coplin, William, "Inter-Nation Simulation and Contemporary Theories of International Relations". American Political Science Review, 60 (September, 1966), 562-578.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 37.Crow, Wayman J., A Study of Strategic Doctrines Using the Inter-National Simulation". The Journal of Conflict Resolution, 7 (September, 1963), 580-589Google ScholarCross Ref
- 38.Dolbear, F.T.; Attiyeh, R.; and Brainard, W.C., 3"A Simulation Policy Game for Teaching Microeconomics".# American Economic Review, 58 (May, 1968), 483-491.Google Scholar
- 39.Druckman, Daniel, "Ethnocentrism in the Inter-Nation Simulation". Evanston, Ill.: Simulated International Process Project, North-western University, 1967; The Journal of Conflict Resolution, 12 (March, 1968).Google Scholar
- 40.Eilon, Samuel, "Management Games". Operations Research Quarterly, 14 (June 1963) 137-149.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 41."Game Teaches Salesmen". Sales Management, 101 (September, 1968) 139-140.Google Scholar
- 42.Guetzkow, Harold, et al. "An Experiment on the N-Country Problem Through Inter-Nation Simulation". St. Louis, Missouri: Washington University, 1960.Google Scholar
- 43."HOCUS: The Management Parlour Game". Business Management, 99 (April, 1969), 24-27.Google Scholar
- 44.Hodgetts, Richard, "Management Gaming for Didactic Purposes". Simulation and Games, 1 (March, 1970).Google Scholar
- 45.Klasson, Charles, "Business Gaming: A Progress Report". Academy of Management Journal, (September, 1964), 175-188.Google Scholar
- 46.Lewin, A. and Weber, W., "Management Game Teams in Education and Organization Research: An Experiment on Risk Taking". The Management Sciences Research Group, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, November, 1968.Google Scholar
- 47."Management Game Puts Team on Firing Line". Administrative Management, 29 (August, 1968), 31.Google Scholar
- 48.McKenney, James, "Evaluation of a Business Game in an MBA Curriculum". Journal of Business, 35 (July, 1962), 278-286.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 49.Moffie, D. and Levine, R., "Experimental Evaluation of a Computerized Management Game". The Atlanta Economic Review, 18 (November, 1968).Google Scholar
- 50."Profits Set Score at Business School Tournament". Business Week, (March 18, 1967), 156-158.Google Scholar
- 51.Raia, Anthony, "Study of the Educational Value of Management Games". Journal of Business, 39 (July, 1966), 339-352.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 52.Rausch, Erwin, "Games Managers Play". Administrative Management, 29 (December, 1968), 36.Google Scholar
- 53.Shubik, Martin, "Gaming: Costs and Facilities". Management Science, 14 (July, 1968), 629-660.Google ScholarDigital Library
- 54.Stanley, John, "Management Games: Education or Entertainment?" Personnel Journal, 41 (January, 1962), 15-17.Google Scholar
- 55.Symonds, Gifford, "Study of Consumer Behavior by Use of Competitive Business Games". Management Science, 14 (March, 1968), 473-485.Google ScholarDigital Library
- 56.Taxel, Hal. "Let's Play Games". Editors and Publishers, 101 (March, 1968), 53.Google Scholar
- 57.Thorelli, Hans; Graves, Robert; and Howells, Lloyd, "INTOP". Journal of Business, 35 (July, 1962), 287-297.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 58."Traffic Police Administrator Training Program". Traffic Digest and Review, 18 (February, 1970), 16.Google Scholar
- 59.Tuason, Roman, "MARKAD" A Simulation Approach to Advertising". Journal of Advertising Research, 9 (March, 1969), 53-58.Google Scholar
- 60.Vance, Stanley and Gray, Clifford, "Use of a Performance Evaluation Model for Research in Business Gaming". Academy of Management Journal, 10 (March, 1967), 27-37.Google Scholar
- 61.Van Dyck, J., "Understanding the Organizational Process Via the Management Game". Journal of Management Studies, (Oxford, England), 5 (October, 1968), 338-351.Google Scholar
- 62.Chadwick, Richard W., "Developments in a Partial Theory of International Behavior: A Test and Extension of Inter-Nation Simulation Theory". Ph.D. Dissertation. Evanston, Illinois: Department of Political Science, Northwestern University, June, 1966.Google Scholar
- 63.Hermann, Margaret, "Stress, Self-Esteem, and Defensiveness in an Inter-Nation Simulation." Ph.D. Dissertation. Evanston, Illinois: Department of Psychology: Northwestern University, 1965.Google Scholar
- 64.Sherman, Allen William. "The Social Psychology of Bilateral Negotiations". Master of Arts Thesis. Evanston, Illinois: Department of Sociology, Northwestern University, 1963.Google Scholar
- 65.Inter-Nation Simulation Participant's Manual, International Relations Program, Department of Political Science, Northwestern University.Google Scholar
- 66."Traffic Police Administration Training Program". Distributed by The Traffic Institute of Northwestern University, 1970.Google Scholar
- 67."1968-1969 Training Calendar". Distributed by The Traffic Institute of Northwestern University.Google Scholar
- 68."The UCLA Executive Decision Game Participant Game Information."Google Scholar
- 69.Chadwick, Richard, "Relating Inter-Nation Simulation Theory with Verbal Theory in International Relations at Three Levels of Analysis". Evanston, Illinois: Simulated International Processes project, Northwestern University, July, 1966.Google Scholar
- 70.Chadwick, Richard, "Extending Inter-Nation Simulation Theory: An Analysis of Intra- and International Processes project, Northwestern University, August, 1966.Google Scholar
- 71.Chadwick, Richard, "Theory Development Through Simulation: A Comparison and Analysis of Associations Among Variables in an International System and an Inter-Nation Simulation". Evanston, Illinois: Simulated International Process project, Northwestern University, September, 1966.Google Scholar
- 72.Croke, E., et al., The Use of Gaming Techniques in the Traffic Police Administration Training Program at the Northwestern University Traffic Institute. IE/MS D30-1, Class Project (Fall, 1968).Google Scholar
- 73.Elder, Charles and Pendley, Robert, "Simulation as Theory Building in the Study of International Relations". Evanston, Illinois: Simulated International Processes project, Northwestern University, July, 1966.Google Scholar
- 74.Elder, Charles and Pendley, Robert, "An Analysis of Consumption Standards and Validation Satisfaction in the Inter-Nation Simulation in Terms of Contemporary Economic Theory and Data". Evanston, Illinois: Simulated International Processes project, Northwestern University, November, 1966.Google Scholar
- 75.Gorden, Morton, "International Relations Theory in the TEMPER Simulation". Evanston, Illinois: Simulated International Relations project, Northwestern University, 1967.Google Scholar
- 76.Kennedy, Allen S., Specifications for a Traffic Police Management Training Game. IE/MS D99, Independent Project (Spring, 1969).Google Scholar
- 77.Kress, Paul, "On Validating Simulation: With Special Attention to the Simulation of International Politics". Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University, 1965.Google Scholar
- 78.Meier, Dorothy, "Progress Report: Event Simulation Project". Evanston, Illinois: Simulated International Process project, Northwestern University, 1965.Google Scholar
- 79.Nardin, Terry and Cutler, Neal, "A Seven Variable Study of the Reliability and Validation of Some Patterns of International Interaction in the Inter-Nation Simulation". Evanston, Illinois: Simulated International Process project. Northwestern University, December, 1967.Google Scholar
- 80.Pendley, Robert and Elder, Charles, "An Analysis of Office Holding in the Inter-Nation Simulation in Terms of Contemporary Political Theory and Data on the Stability of Regimes and Governments". Evanston, Illinois: Simulated International Process project, Northwestern University.Google Scholar
- 81.Smoker, Paul, "An International Process Simulation: Theory and Description". Evanston, Illinois: Simulated International Processes project: Northwestern University, 1968.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- The Traffic Police Management Training Game
Recommendations
Game traffic analysis: an MMORPG perspective
NOSSDAV '05: Proceedings of the international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and videoOnline gaming is one of the most profitable businesses over the Internet. Among all genres of the online games, the popularity of the MMORPG (Massive Multiplayer Online Role Playing Games) is especially prominent in Asia. Opting for a better ...
Game traffic analysis: an MMORPG perspective
Online gaming is one of the most profitable businesses on the Internet. Of all the genres of online games, MMORPGs (Massive Multiplayer Online Role Playing Games) have become the most popular among network gamers, and now attract millions of users who ...
First Person Shooter Multiplayer Game Traffic Analysis
ISORC '08: Proceedings of the 2008 11th IEEE Symposium on Object Oriented Real-Time Distributed ComputingInternet delay is important for FPS games because it can determine who wins or loses a game. Network traffic for such games has been analysed using packet size and inter-packet time metrics fitting a statistical model. However, the effect of other ...
Comments