Samuli Pekkola
ABSTRACT
Common artefacts have been identified as fundamental characteristics for framing activities in workplaces. Mike Robinson's article 'Design for unanticipated use...' conceptualised and defined the dimensions of common artefacts as consisting of predictability, peripheral awareness, implicit communication, double level language and overview. These dimensions have often been used in explaining unexpected uses of different applications and systems. In this paper, experiences from common artefacts as CSCW application design principles, indicating that unanticipated uses are expected and further supported, are discussed. Two distinct cases, a physical room and a software application, are presented, and some examples of the realisation of different dimensions are elaborated. It is concluded that the support for common artefacts can be designed, to a certain extent, and that such support can make applications more suitable for unanticipated uses.
- Auramäki, E., Robinson, M., Aaltonen, A., Kovalainen, M., Liinamaa, A., and Tuuna-Väiskä, T. (1996): Paperwork at 78 k.p.h. In: Proceedings of Computer Supported Cooperative Work '96 (CSCW'96). ACM Press, pp. 370--379.]] Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Berlage, T. (1998): Augmented-reality communication for diagnostic tasks in cardiology, IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, Vol. 2, no. 3 (1998), pp. 169--173.]]Google ScholarDigital Library
- Berlage, T., and Sohlenkamp, M. (1999): Visualizing Common Artefacts to Support Awareness in Computer-Mediated Cooperation. Computer Supported Cooperative Work: The Journal of Collaborative Computing, Vol. 8, no 3, pp. 207--238.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bertelsen, O. W., and Bodger, S, (2001): Cooperation in massively distributed information spaces, In: W. Prinz, M. Jarke, Y. Rogers, K. Schmidt, and V. Wulf (Eds.) Proceedings of the Seventh European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (ECSCW'01). Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 1--17.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bogia, D. P. and Kaplan, S. M. (1995): Flexibility and control for dynamic workflows in the wOrlds environment, In: Proceedings of Conference on Organisational Computing Systems (COOCS'95), ACM Press, pp. 148--159.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bossen, C. (2002): The Parameters of Common Information Spaces: the heterogeneity of cooperative work at a hospital ward. In: Proceeding of the Conference on Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW'2002). ACM Press, pp. 176--185.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bowers, J., O'Brian, J., and Pycock, J. (1996): Practically Accomplishing Immersion: Cooperation in and for Virtual Environments. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW'96). ACM Press, pp. 380--389.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Churchill, E. and Snowdon, D. (1998): Collaborative Virtual Environments: An Introductory Review of Issues and Systems. Virtual Reality: Research, Development and Applications, Vol. 3, no 1, pp. 3--15.]]Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ehn, P. (1993): Scandinavian Design: On participation and skill. In: D. Schuler and A. Namioka (Eds.): Participatory Design: Principles and Practices. Hillsdale, New Jersey, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, pp. 41--78.]]Google Scholar
- Ehrlich, K. and Cash, D. (1999): The Invisible World of Intermediaries: A Cautionary Tale. Computer Supported Cooperative Work: The Journal of Collaborative Computing, Vol. 8, pp. 147--167.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Fitzpatrick, G. (2000): Understanding the Paper Health Record in Practice: Implications for EHRs, In: Proceedings of Health Informatics Conference (HIC'2000), Adelaide, Australia.]]Google Scholar
- Fraser, M. and Benford, S. (2002): Interaction Effects of Virtual Structures, In: Proceedings of the Conference on Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVE'02), ACM Press, pp. 128--134.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Glance, N. S., Pagani, D. S. and Pareschi, R. (1996): Generalized process structure grammars GPSG for flexible representations of work In: Proceedings of Computer Supported Cooperative Work '96 (CSCW'96), New York: ACM Press, pp. 180--189.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Goodwin, C., and Goodwin, M. (1996): Formulating Planes: Seeing as a situated activity. In: Y. Engestrom and D. Middleton (Eds.): Cognition and Communication at Work. Campbridge University Press, pp. 61--95.]]Google ScholarCross Ref
- Harper, R. H. R., Hughes, J. A. and Shapiro, D. Z. (1989): Working in harmony: An examination of computer technology in air traffic control. In J.M. Bowers and S. D. Benford (Eds.): Studies in Computer Supported Co-operative Work: Theory, Practice, and Design. Elsevier Science Publishers, pp. 73--86.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Heath, C. and Luff, P. (1991): Collaborative Activity and Technological Design: Task Coordination in London Underground Control Rooms. In: L. Bannon, M. Robinson, and K. Schmidt (Eds.) Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (ECSCW'91). Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 65--80.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Heath, C. and Luff, P. (1993): Disembodied Contact: Communication through Video in a Multi-Media Office Environment. In: R. M. Baecker (Ed.) Readings in Groupware and Computer Supported Cooperative Work: Assisting human-human collaboration. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann, pp. 837--841.]]Google Scholar
- Heath, C., Jirotka, M., Luff, P., and Hindmarsh, J., (1993): Unpacking Collaboration: The Interactional Organisation of Trading in a City Dealing Room. In: G. de Michelis, C. Simone, and K. Schmidt (Eds.) Proceedings of the Third European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (ECSCW'93). Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 163--178.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hughes, J., O'Brien, J., Randall, D., Rodden, T., Rouncefield, M., and Tolmie, P. (1999): Getting to Know the 'Customer in the Machine'. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Supporting Group Work (GROUP'99). ACM Press, pp. 30--39.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kasbi, C., and de Montmollin, M. (1991): Activity without decision and responsibility: the case of nuclear power plants. In: J. Rasmussen, B. Brehmer and J. Leplat (Eds.) Distributed Decisions Making: Cognitive models for cooperative work. Wiley & Sons, pp. 275--283.]]Google Scholar
- Kensing, F., and Blomberg, J. (1998): Participatory design: Issues and concerns. Computer Supported Cooperative Work: The Journal of Collaborative Computing. Vol. 7, pp. 167--185.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kovalainen, M., Robinson, M. and Auramäki, E. (1998): Diaries at Work. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW'98). ACM Press, pp. 49--58.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Luff, P., Hindmarsh, J., and Heath, C. (Eds.) (2000): Workplace Studies: Recovering work practice and informing system design. Cambridge University Press.]]Google ScholarCross Ref
- Mackay, W. E. (2000): Is Paper Safer? The Role of Paper Flight Strips in Air Traffic Control. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction. Vol. 6 (4), pp. 311--340.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Mark, G. (2002): Conventions and commitments in distributed groups, Computer Supported Cooperative Work: The Journal of Collaborative Computing. Vol. 11, no. 3 (2002), pp. 349--387.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Orlikowski, W. J. (1992): Learning from Notes: Organizational Issues in Groupware Implementation. In: Proceedings of Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW'92). ACM Press, pp. 362--369.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Pekkola, S. (2002): Critical Approach to 3D Virtual Realities for Group Work. In: Proceedings of The Second Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (NordiCHI'02). ACM Press, pp. 129--138.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Pekkola, S. (2003): Multiple media in group work: emphasising individual users in distributed and real-time CSCW systems. Jyväskylä Studies in Computing 29, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.]]Google Scholar
- Prinz, W., Mark, G., and Pankoke-Babatz, U. (1998): Designing Groupware for Congruency in Use. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW'98). ACM Press, pp. 373--382.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Reddy, M., Dourish, P., and Pratt, W. (2001): Coordinating Heterogeneous work: Information and representation in medical care. In: W. Prinz, M. Jarke, Y. Rogers, K. Schmidt, and V. Wulf (Eds.) Proceedings of the Seventh European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (ECSCW'01). Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 239--258.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Reder, S. and Schwab, R. G. (1990): The temporal structure of cooperative activity. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW'90). ACM Press, pp. 303---316.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Robinson, M. (1991): Double-Level Languages and Co-operative Work. AI & Society. Vol. 5, pp. 34--60.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Robinson, M. (1993): Design for unanticipated use .... In: G. de Michelis, C. Simone, and K. Schmidt (Eds.): Proceedings of the Third European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (ECSCW'93). Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 187--202.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Robinson, M., and Pekkola, S. (1999): The Studio: Reflections and issues arising, In: N. Streitz, J. Siegel, V. Hartkopf, and S. Konomi (Eds.): Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Cooperative Buildings (CoBuild'99). Springer Verlag, pp. 101--113.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Stake, R. (2000): Case Studies, In: N. K. Denzin, and Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.): Handbook of Qualitative Research. Sage Publications, Inc. 435--454.]]Google Scholar
- Thereau, J. and Filippi, G. (2000): Analysing cooperative work in an urban traffic control room for the design of a coordination support system. In: P. Luff, J. Hindmarsh and C. Heath (Eds.) Workplace Studies: Recovering work practice and informing system design. Cambridge University Press, pp. 68--91.]]Google ScholarCross Ref
- Twidale, M. B. and Marty, P. F. (2000): Coping with errors: the importance of process data in robust sociotechnical systems. In: Proceeding of the Conference on Computer supported cooperative work (CSCW'2000). ACM Press, 269--278.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- Designed for unanticipated use: common artefacts as design principle for CSCW applications
Recommendations
Designed for unanticipated use: common artefacts as design principle for CSCW applications[40] (abstract only)
Common artefacts have been identified as fundamental characteristics for framing activities in workplaces. Mike Robinson's article 'Design for unanticipated use...' conceptualised and defined the dimensions of common artefacts as consisting of ...
Design for unanticipated use...
ECSCW'93: Proceedings of the third conference on European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative WorkSupport for work practice is better conceptualised as support for activity taking place in a multidimensional space than as prescription of temporal task sequences. The notion of "common artefact" is introduced to illustrate, unify, and summarise recent ...
Visualizing Common Artefacts to Support Awareness inComputer-Mediated Cooperation
The idea of a “common artefact” is a useful metaphor for the design of CSCW systems. Our ACCT model of a common artefact describes structural elements that provide awareness about the work of others. The ACCT model identifies actors, contents, conversations,...
Comments